Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

6. Neurology (Med) > Loss of Vision > Flashcards

Loss of Vision Flashcards

1
Q

What should be asked in the history for vision loss?

A

Unilateral/bilateral

Onset - sudden/gradual (over what period of time)

Type of visual loss - blurred/distorted/black

Any associated symptoms (such as pain, redness, discharge)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What examinations are done for vision loss?

A

Best corrected visual acuity

Snellen chart

Fundal examination (direct opthalmoscope slit lamp and volk lens)

Ancilary tests (amsler chart, colour vision, visual field assessment, flurescein angiography, optical coherence tomography)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the different categories of vision loss?

A

Sudden complete loss of vision (vascular)

Gradual loss of vision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are examples of sudden complete loss of vision (vascular)?

A

Central retinal artery occlusion

Central retinal vein occlusion

Anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are examples of conditions that cause gradual loss of vision?

A

Cataract

Glaucoma

Age related macular degeneration

Diabetic retinopathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the management of central retinal artery occlusion?

A

Identify and treat risk factors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the management of central retinal vein occlusion?

A

Identify and treat risk factors

Intravitral anti Vegf

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are different kinds of anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy?

A

Arteritic (gian cell arteritic)

Non arteritic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are symptoms of anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy?

A

Loss of vision

Headache

Loss of appetite

Scalp tenderness

Pain on chewing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are signs of arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy?

A

Tenderness of superficial temporal arteries

Raised inflammatory markers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the management of anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy?

A

High dose systemic steroids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the management of non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy?

A

Identify and treat risk factors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are signs of non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy?

A

None really, it is painless

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is cataract?

A

Gradual opacification of the lens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are symptoms of cataract?

A

Loss of vision

Dazzle/glare

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the management of cataract?

A

Surgery (phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implant)

17
Q

What is Glaucoma?

A

Optic neuropathy with typical optic nerve damage and associated visual field changes usually associated with raised intraocular pressure

18
Q

How can different glaucomas be classified?

A

Open or closed angle

Chronic or acute

19
Q

What are symptoms of glaucoma?

A

Asymptomatic

Gradual loss of peripheral field of vision

20
Q

What are signs for chronic glaucoma?

A

Raised intraocular pressure

Visual field defects

21
Q

What is the management for chronic glaucoma?

A

Topical treatment

Surgery (trabeculetomy)

22
Q

What is a trabeculetomy?

A

Surgical procedure that lowers the intraocular pressure inside the eye

23
Q

What is age related macular degeneration?

A

Small central portion of the retina, the macula, wears down

24
Q

What does AMD stand for?

A

Age related macular degeneration

25
Q

What are the different kinds of age related macular degeneration (AMD)?

A

Dry AMD (90%)

Wet (neovascular) AMD (10%)

26
Q

What are symptoms of age related macular degeneration (AMD)?

A

Progressive loss of central vision

Distorsion

27
Q

What are signs of age related macular degeneration (AMD)?

A

Distortion on amsler chart

Drusen

Pigment epithelial changes

28
Q

What are symptoms of dry AMD?

A

Drusen

Atrophy

29
Q

What does atrophy mean?

A

Wasting away

30
Q

What is drusen?

A

Yellow deposits under the retina

31
Q

What is the management of dry AMD?

A

Low vision aids

Registration

32
Q

What are symptoms of wet AMD?

A

Choroidal new vessels

33
Q

What are investigations of wet AMD?

A

OCT

Flurescein angiography

34
Q

What is the management of wet AMD?

A

Intravitral antivegf

Low vision aids

Registration

35
Q

What is diabetic retinopathy?

A

Complication of diabetes caused by high blood sugar levels damaging the retina

36
Q

What is the commonest cause of visual impairment in the working age population?

A

Diabetic retinopathy

37
Q

What are signs of diabetic retinopathy?

A

Microaneurysms

Retinal haemorrhages and exudates

Neovascularisation (disc/retina)

38
Q

What investigations are done for diabetic retinopathy?

A

Flurescein angiography

Optical coherence tomography (OCT)

39
Q

What is the mangement of diabetic retinopathy?

A

Intravitreal antivegf

Laser (panretinal photocoagulation)

Low vision aids

Registration

6. Neurology (Med) (47 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions