Cerebral Hemispheres Flashcards
What is A?
Sulvus (dip)
What is a sulcus?
A depression in the cerebral cortex which surrounds a gyrus
What is B?
Gyrus (elevation)
What is a gyrus?
Elevation in the cerebral cortex surrounded by one or more sulci
Where is the grey and white matter found in the brain?
Grey matter on the surface
White matter inside
What is C?
Fissure (larger dip)
What is the basal ganglia?
Collection of neuronal cell bodies buried in the white matter
What is A?
Median longitudinal fissure
What is B?
Corpus collosum
What should be known about the pattern of sulci and gyri?
Is variable but some constant features must be remembered
What is A?
Precentral gyrus
What is B?
Central sulcus
What is C?
Postcentral gyrus
What is D?
Lateral sulcus
What is A?
Parieto-occipital sulcus
What is B?
Cingulate sulcus (and gyrus)
What is C?
Corpus collusum
What is the corpus collosum?
Thick band of nerve fibres that divides the cortex lobes into right and left
Connects the left and right sides of the brain,a llowing for communication between both hemispheres
What is the insula?
Small region of cerebral cortex lcoated deep within the lateral sulcus
What is cortical mapping?
Invasive procedure in which electrical stimulation is applied briefly to cortical surface for the purpose of identifying cortical areas for sensory, motor or language function
What are the different areas of the brain in cortical mapping called?
Brodmann areas
How many Brodmann areas are there?
52
What is the posterior part of the cerebral hemisphere responsible for?
Sensory information
What is the anterior part of the cerebral hemisphere responsible for?
Motor information
What are the medial portions (limbic system) of the cerebral hemisphere responsible for?
Storing and retrieving processed information
How does the ‘strength’ of each hemisphere compare?
We have one dominant and non-dominant hemisphere
There are primary sensory areas and adjacent association areas in the brain, what is an example of this?
Identifying objects in hand by touch
Talking to your friend
What is the purpose of the frontal lobe?
Motor control
What are some important parts of the frontal lobe?
Area 4, precentral gyrus (primary motor cortex)
Area 44, 45 - inferior frontal gyrus
Prefrontal cortex
What Brodmann area is the primary motor cortex?
Area 4
What is area 4 of the frontal lobe responsible for?
Somatotopic representation of contralateral half of body (motor homonculus)
What is the motor homonculus?
Map of brian areas dedicated to motor processing for different anatomical divisions of the body
What Brodmann areas of the brain is the inferior frontal gyrus?
44 and 45
What are functions of the prefrontal cortex of the frontal lobe?
Cognitive functions of higher order such as intellect, judgement, predicting and planning
What is the purpose of the parietal lobe?
Somatosensory
What are some important parts of the parietal lobe?
Pot central gyrus (areas 3, 1, 2)
Superior parietal lobule
Inferior parietal lobule
What Brodmann areas form the post central gyrys?
Areas 3, 1 and 2
What is the function of the post central gyrus?
Primary senosry area
Receives general sensation from contralateral half of body
What demonstrates the somatotopic representation of the post central gyrus?
Sensory homunculus