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human geography case studies > Los Angeles > Flashcards

Los Angeles Flashcards

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1
Q

what is suburbanisation

A

the movement of people from inner city areas to outer areas

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2
Q

what has suburbanisation lead to in terms of urban growth?

A

resulted in the increased outward growth of urban development that has engulfed surrounding villages or towns

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3
Q

how did advances in transport aid the movement of suburbanisation?

A
  • public transport means it’s easier to commute to and from the city for work
  • the use of personal individual cars
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4
Q

what lead to the creation of green belts?

A

ribbon development - urban development near main roads and development of the space in between became a cause for concern

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5
Q

what are green belts?

A

areas of open space and low density land use around towns where development has been strictly controlled

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6
Q

push factors causing suburbanisation

A
  • inner city housing may be poor quality
  • deindustrialisation (people follow to keep jobs)
  • higher crime rates
  • lack of jobs
  • poorer quality school/healthcare
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7
Q

pull factors causing suburbanisation

A
  • development laws more relaxed in suburbs
  • improvements in transport
  • improvements in infrastructure in suburbs
  • cheaper, higher quality housing
  • better quality of life, less pollution
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8
Q

LA is the __ largest city in USA

A

2nd largest city in USA

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9
Q

the arrival of transcontinental railway in 1876 stimulated rapid population growth..

A

over half a million people arrived within 40 years which is a lot in the 1800s

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10
Q

LAX airport is the ___ busiest airport in the world

A

6th

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11
Q

how did the glamorous city image create an influx of people into LA?

A
  • film industry / Hollywood

- people pictured a glamorous lifestyle

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12
Q

what industry has created thousands of jobs in LA?

A

tourism! (e.g. universal studios)

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13
Q

main causes of LA urban growth

A
  • transport improvements
  • employment opportunities
  • image of California
  • greater affluence meant people could afford to move
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14
Q

California is __% bigger than the UK

A

60% bigger

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15
Q

how did there introduction of electric tramways in 1920/30s stimulate suburbanisation?

A
  • people could live further away from work as it became easier to access from a larger distance
  • freeways had the same effect
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16
Q

why do people perceive a better quality of life in the suburbs?

A
  • less noise/air pollution
  • more open space
  • bigger and better housing (gardens/pools)
  • good infrastructure (schools, malls, hospitals)
17
Q

what impact did suburbanisation have on LA inner city?

A
  • derelict buildings / stores
  • poorer residents left behind (negative multiplier)
  • crime increase
18
Q

negative impacts of suburbanisation

A
  • loss of farmland and green spaces
  • leaves inner city to decline
  • urban smog
  • social segregation
19
Q

the greater LA metropolitan area extends over..

A

88,000km2

20
Q

why does suburbanisation lead to increased urban smog?

A
  • more congestion as more people commute to work
  • increased traffic from tourism
  • creates more pollution
21
Q

why is urban smog a major issue in LA?

A
  • high pressure systems create dense cold air at the surface with warmer air above
  • the cold dense air traps the pollution above LA
22
Q

population of LA?

A

LA city - 4 million

LA county - 10.2 million

23
Q

LA has been described as a donut city, what is this?

A

a city with a hole in the central (downtown) area

24
Q

why is LA a donut city?

A
  • car, tyre, steel factories in the inner city closed due to overseas competition
  • business followed people out of city centre
  • central areas declined
25
Q

why did businesses also move to the suburbs?

A
  • make more profits where there are more people
  • cheaper rent
  • possible cheaper taxes
  • more space
26
Q

why has suburbanisation lead to social segregation?

A
  • wealthier people can afford to move to suburbs

- poorer people left in declining centre

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