Long-Term Memory Flashcards
What are the three types of Long term memory
Episodic memory, Semantic memory, Procedural
Define Episodic memory
A LTM store for personal events that occur in life. this can be people, objects, behaviours. You have to make a conscious recall to remember episodic memory
What are the defining features of Episodic Memory
They’re time stamped, and its declarative
Define Semantic memory
A long-term memory system that stores general knowledge about the world, including the meaning of words, facts and concepts. It also helps people recognise visual things
What are the Defining features of Semantic memory
It’s less vulnerable to distortion, its not time stamped, its less personal and its not declarative.
Define Procedural memory
Recollections of which a person has no direct conscious awareness. Its how to carry out instructions and is demonstrated through motor actions
What are the defining features of procedural memory
It’s vulnerable to distortion, not time stamped, declarative
(Case study) Clive wearing. Explain Clive wearing’s situation and its links to LTM
He had brain damage from an infection. episodic damage. his semantic memory was still intact. His procedural was also intact.
Explain how Clive wearing helps increase the validity of the LTM
His case shows that there are distinct memory stores for long term memory, as damage to one doesn’t impact the others.
What are the issues with using the Clive Wearing case study
There’s a lack of control variables, because theres no way of controlling the brain damage. There’s also a lack of understanding in how the memory has been affected since the injury.
What did Buckner and Peterson (1996) say about LTM to help increase its validity
They found that episodic and semantic memories were located in different areas. Episodic in the left pre-frontal cortex and Semantic in the right pre-frontal cortex.
How does Hodges and Patterson (2007) support the LTM theory
They found that people with Alzheimer’s could form episodic memories but not semantic memories, this further shows how the two types are separate from eachother.
What is a limitation of Hodges and Patterson’s (2007) findings on LTM
Due to their small sample size their research isnt generalisable. It’s also known that Alzheimer’s affects everyone differently, therefore impacting the reliability of the results.
