Long Term Effects 4.4

Question 1

How is the heart affected by aerobic exercise

Answer 1

The heart works harder as both heart rate and stroke volume increases

Question 2

Adaptations of the heart by aerobic exercise

Answer 2

Cardiac muscle gets thicker and stronger
The ventricles become larger

Question 3

Effect on performance

Answer 3

Stroke volume increases
Bradycardia
Lactic acid tolerance
Heart hypertrophy

Question 4

Stroke volume

Answer 4

Increasing the rate of energy production
Athletes can work at higher intensities for longer periods of time
More oxygen can be transported to the working muscles

Question 5

Cardiac hypertrophy

Answer 5

When the heart becomes larger due to training

Question 6

Bradycardia

Answer 6

A resting heart rate below 60bpm
Trained athletes have larger stroke volumes meaning the heart doesn’t need to beat as frequently at rest to deliver the necessary oxygen
They have a higher stroke volume

Question 7

Lactic acid tolerance

Answer 7

Regular anaerobic exercise increases tolerance to lactic acid and helps us to remove it more quickly
Meaning athletes can work at high intensities for longer before fatigue sets

Question 8

What is HIIT

Answer 8

Training method where there is short repeated bursts of high intensity work with rest periods between each repetition