CHP 3 Flashcards
The body’s transport system (circulatory system consists of
The lungs, heart, blood vessels and blood
Role of the respiratory systems
To draw air into the lungs so that oxygen can pass into the bloodstream and carbon dioxide can be removed from it once the respiratory system has done its job
The hearts job
Contracts and plumps blood through a network of blood vessels delivering oxygen to the body’s tissues
Oxygen is used to produce what
Energy via aerobic respiration
Which than enables our muscles to contract providing movement
What are the 4 blood components
Plasma red blood cells white blood cells and platelets
How can you separate these blood components
By spinning a blood sample in a centrifuge machine the heavier components sink to the bottom allowing us to see the relative proportions of each
Plasma
A straw coloured liquid that consists mainly of water, it flows easily. It transports gasses nutrients, waste products and other blood components
Red blood cells
Primarily there to transport oxygen
Disc shaped cells that contain a substance called haemoglobin
Transport oxygen to the body’s tissues
Haemoglobin reacts with oxygen form the lungs to produce
Oxyhemoglobin
When oxyhemoglobin reaches it final destination what happens
The working muscles for examples the oxygen splits form the hemoglobin and diffuses into the cell
White blood cells
Form part of the immune system
Defend against pathogens (bacteria and viruses)
Attack pathogens by engulfing them or by producing antibodies
Platelets
Contain an enzyme which causes the blood to clot
Prevent excessive bleeding
Seals wounds preventing pathogens from entering the blood stream
Arteries
Transport oxygenated blood away from the heart blood within is pressurised
Arteries structure
1) thick muscular walls to cope with the pressurised blood
2) Narrow lumen to speed up blood delivery increasing the efficiency
Capillaries
Tiny blood vessels that surround the body’s tissues
