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long-term care unit Flashcards

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1
Q

what is long-term care?

A

a continuum of care (medical and non-medical support) that can range from in the patient’s home to institutionalized care

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2
Q

who are the residents of long-term care?

A

serves people of all ages, however, most are 85+

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3
Q

what is the order of most-to-least common placements of long-term care in the 85+ population?

A

(#1 most common): nursing homes
(#2): residences for seniors
(#3): facilities with multiple levels of care

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4
Q

who are the caregivers for most elderly?

A

their family and friends

(aside from medical support)

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5
Q

what is a determining factor in whether or not an older adult will be in a nursing home?

A

if they have friends and family (who are also willing to be caretakers)

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6
Q

which group of elders typically need constant monitoring in LTC?

A

residents with dementia, physical, or behavioural issues

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7
Q

which age group is most commonly caregivers?

A

~45-55 (these people will have aging parents)

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8
Q

what are the forms of housing for older adults?

A
  • government assisted housing
  • subsidized housing
  • secondary suite
  • continuing care retirement community (CCRC)
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9
Q

describe institutional facility

A

a group residential setting that provides individuals with medical or psychological care

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10
Q

T/F: facility-based LTC is covered by the Canada Health Act

A

false

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11
Q

T/F: facility-based LTC is a fully insured health service in any province or territory

A

false ; not a fully insured service in any province/territory

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12
Q

T/F: each jurisdiction is responsible for providing LTC

A

true

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13
Q

what is LTC referred to in Alberta?

A

continuing care

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14
Q

what are the 3 types of ownership of nursing homes?

A

(1) public not-for-profit government ownership and/or operation

(2) private not-for-profit religious, ethnic, lay/charitable or organization ownership

(3) private for-profit ownership

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15
Q

define government assisted housing

A

for older adults with moderate income

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16
Q

define subsidized housing

A

senior’s non-profit housing rentals for those aged 55+

  • affordable rental for low-income families/people

cons:
- no services provided
- small space
- long waitlists

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17
Q

define secondary suite

A

an accessory apartment, in-law suite, basement unit

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18
Q

define continuing care retirement community (CCRC)

A

a housing community with different levels of care (ex. completely independent, assisted living, nursing home)

–> individuals go from one level of care to the next (continuity model)

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19
Q

Is saving for LTC realistic? how much do individuals need to have saved?

A

no, it’s not realistic.

need to have ~$300,000 saved

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20
Q

what is the continuum of LTC?

A

a visual model that describes the transition of living situations with fewer supports to greater supports

ex. independent living –> assisted living –> nursing home (etc.)

21
Q

describe the ‘aging in place’ model

A

suggests that with appropriate services, older adults can remain in their own homes, or at least in their own communities

22
Q

what are the key elements of the Aging in Place model?

A
  • reduce fire hazards
  • stay connected (ex. wifi ; contact)
  • remove tripping hazards
  • open space between rooms
  • lower water heater temperature
  • improve lighting in the home
  • put grab bars on shower and toilet
  • move items so that they are easy to reach
23
Q

describe home care

A

services that provide assistance to older adults within their own private residences

–> can include: PT, OT, SLP, rehabilitation

24
Q

describe Alternate Level of Care (ALC) patients

A

individuals who reside in hospitals but no longer need such a high level of care but are simply waiting for a long-term care bed

25
Q

what are adult day programs?

A

older adults who need assistance or supervision during the day receive a range of services in a setting that is either attached to another facility, such as a nursing home, or is a stand-alone agency

26
Q

what is respite care?

A

Service that provides family caregivers with a break while allowing the older adult to receive needed support services

27
Q

what is a supportive (or assisted) living facility?

A

a place that provides supportive care services and supervision to individuals who do not require skilled nursing care

28
Q

what type of services might a supportive (or assisted) living facility provide?

A
  • social activities
  • meals
  • housekeeping
  • assistance with personal care
  • access to an on-call nurse and/or non-regulated care provider
29
Q

what is a nursing home?

A

a type of medical institution that provides a room, meals, skilled nursing, rehabilitative care, medical services, and protective supervision

30
Q

how are LTC facilities funded in Canada?

A

funded publicly and privately

31
Q

T/F: there is a shortage of beds in nursing homes, especially in First Nations communities

A

True

32
Q

Who are long-term residential care services for?

A

people who can no longer be cared for in their own homes or in an assisted living residence

also may have:
- severe behavioural problems on a continuous basis
- cognitive impairments
- physical dependence on others + medical needs
- complex clinical/medical needs (require specialized care)

33
Q

are LTC homes owned more publicly or privately in canada

A

about the same, but there are slightly more privately owned LTC homes

34
Q

define alternate level of care patients

A

hospitalized patients waiting to move to a LTC facility

35
Q

how does admission to LTC in Canada work?

A

single point of entry model:

via a coordinated placement process that includes screening, referring, and case-managing

36
Q

what are the 5 recommendations for relocating people with dementia?

A

(1) adequate preparation and education about the transition process with informational resources

(2) complete and timely written and verbal communication across settings as individuals move from one care setting to another

(3) an evaluation of individuals’ and caregivers’ personal preferences and goals

(4) strong inter professional collaboration among team members

(5) the use of exiting evidence-based models of care to inform the relocating process

37
Q

why might people in LTC have psychological issues?

A

because nursing home residents are sometimes faced with a lack of meaningful activities and may spend large amounts of their time doing nothing

38
Q

describe the competence-press model

A

claims that in order for older adults to adapt to their environment/surroundings, the must have an equal balance of press and competence

–> MATCH between environmental press & competence

–> implies that the needs of individuals should be met to the greatest extent

39
Q

what are the aspects of press and competence?

A

press:
- stimulation
- expectations
- activity level

competence:
- ability to handle stimulation
- cognitive abilities
- physical abilities

40
Q

what did the survey on staff of LTC in Canada report?

A

43% (almost half) of LTC workers experience physical violence, criticism, unwanted sexual attention, at an almost daily occurrence

41
Q

T/F: Most senior nursing homes follow the Ministry of Health staffing guidelines

A

False

–> most care homes do not provide the minimal amount of care (in hours) per senior on a daily basis

42
Q

what is the result of inadequate staffing levels at nursing homes?

A
  • too many residents for each worker
  • leads to many residents sitting in soiled diapers
  • unanswered phone calls
  • lack of conversation
  • rushed meals
  • not bathing the residents frequently
43
Q

why is there inadequate staffing levels?

A
  • workers don’t get replaced when sick or on vacation
  • offer part-time shifts instead of full-time
  • staff are overworked, stressed, with poor pay
  • government money goes towards making the place ‘look’ nice, rather than to beds
44
Q

what are some suggestions for improving LTC?

A
  • having personal support workers that are taught behavioural methods to help residents maintain self-care & independence
  • follow the green house model
  • culture change movement
45
Q

define the green house model

A

an alternative to traditional nursing homes because it offers older adults individual homes within a small community of 6-10 residents and skilled nursing staff

–> designed to feel like a home
–> form better relationships with the staff ; better social environment

46
Q

what is the culture change movement?

A

promotes person-centred care, which allows individuals to feel ‘at home’ despite living in institutional settings

47
Q

what are the effect of the Green House Model on residents?

A

seems to result in improved adaptation in residents and their families

48
Q

what place is generally the last place that residents will reside?

A

nursing homes

49
Q

what is a main fault in Canada’s model of LTC?

A

lack of preventative measures for LTC

–> should move focus to the prevention of further decline

psychology (8 decks)

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