Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

LTC-CIP > Long Term Care Settings > Flashcards

Long Term Care Settings Flashcards

1
Q

Describe beneficiance

A

-do good by the patient
-physcians main concern is the welfare of the patient
-do what is medically helpful

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

describe non maleficence

A

-avoiding harm
-implement non hospital treatment when possible (complications when elderly are hospitalized)
-withhold diagnostics or treatment when it is unlikely to benefit the patient/survival

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

describe futility of treatment

A

-avoid interactions that would not benefit the patient/prolong suffering
-physicians role as an educator to clarify issues
-assess each patient individually to determine if treatment would be beneficial
-treatment should be consist with the patients goals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

describe confidentiality

A

-complete confidentiality
-comply with state laws regarding disclosure to public health and third parties

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

describe autonomy and informed consent

A

-patient has the right to self determination
-patient has the right to consent and right to refuse
-patient has right to be educated on the pros and cons of a medical decision
-although you can request excess care, it can’t go beyond beneficiance and appropriate medical intervention
-autonomy ceases when the patients request breaks the law

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

describe the physician-patient relationship

A

-a therapeutic alliance should exist between physician and patient
-there should be fidelity, trust, confidentiality, and protection from intended harm
-educating patients
-disclosing relationships that may impact care

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

describe truth telling

A

-physicans must tell the truth not incomplete statements of encouragement. integrate into good bedside manner
-technical terminology should not obscure truth and fact
-communicate an honest estimate of prognosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

describe justice

A

-be fair and lawful
-use objective not emotional/subjective decision making
-distribute resources and treatment in an equitable manner

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

describe non-abandonement

A

-physicans must maintain fidelity (don’t abandon patients after therapeutic relationship)
-when there is aconcern between a patient and physican on treatment, guidance can be obtained from an ethics committee, obudsman/PH
-physican can terminate care if reasonable time to find other arrangements has been given

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

describe limited resources

A

-realize there are limited healthcare resources
-make decisions and allocate in a nondiscriminatory objective manner

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

true or false. Medical directors should have leadership on assuring the facility has ethics mechanisms in place

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what roles do ethics committees fill?

A
  1. assure development, promotion, and protection of values
  2. provide an opportunity for multidisciplinary dialogue which clarifies ethical and legal concerns, fiscal responsibilities, and guides making decisions for complex dilemmas.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

the ethics commitee should reflect what?

A

the community the facility serves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what are some characteristics of the members of ethics committees?

A

sufficient training, education, and institutional involvement to allow reliable ethical analysis of issues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What functions might an ethics committee fulfil for issues of an ethical nature?

A
  1. policy development and review
  2. quality assurance activities
  3. education
  4. resource for staff, clinicians, adminstration, patients, family, and community
  5. monitoring judicial decisions and legislative action
  6. consultation and review of case-specific dilemmas
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

IPs must be aware of what risks and implement control measures?

A
  1. health of residents participating in activities
  2. hand hygiene
  3. respiratory hygiene/cough etiquette
  4. vaccination status
  5. outbreak control
  6. visitor accesss/restriction if needed
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Why are residents in LTC facilities at an increased risk of infection?

A

-congregate living
-staffing turnover
-dependence on unlicensed caregivers
-blunted immune responses
-increased use of invasive devices

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

More than ____ of LTC facilities are for-profit

A

60%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are some risks of for-profit homes?

A

-double, triple, and quadruple occupancy rooms
-few licensed nurses to oversee care, high staff turnover, staff compelled to work when sick, little competency-based training for healthcare personnel
-use of less expensive and ineffective environmental cleaning products, limited supplies as a cost reduction strategy
-low staffing ratios and supply restrictions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what are the 3 areas of the immune system?

A
  1. physical and chemical secretory barriers
  2. innate (present at birth; can respond to pathogenic organism and antigens)
  3. adaptive: recognizes and reacts to antigens (more quickly and strongly than before when its entering the body a second time)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

define immunosenecence

A

wanning immune response as people age

22
Q

which factors contribute to immune suppression in the elderly?

A

-incontinence
-poor hygiene
-aspiration
-behaviors related to dementia
-breaks in skin/wounds
-depenence on others for hygiene
-catheter usage
-decreased nutrient and fluid intake

23
Q

What are some outcomes of immune suppression in the elderly?

A

-increased susceptibility
-increased morbidity and mortality
-prolonged hospital stay
-increased transmission
-increased healthcare costs

24
Q

what are some interconnected factors that contribute to infections in the elderly?

A

-reduced vaccine protection
-polypharmacy
-lung structure and physiology
-decreased physiological reserve
-LTC resident
-immobility and decreased physical activity
-frality
-contact with HCPs
-malnutrition
-aging/dysregulated immune system
-chroic diseases and multimorbidities
-atypical and delayed presentation

25
Q

residents in LTC homes are more likely than those living independently to have what?

A

-frality
-use of devices
-dementia
-decreased immune function
-decreased skin integrity and wounds
-problems with nutrition
-decreased bowel or bladder function
-decreased mobility

26
Q

what are the most common types of infections in LTC facility residents?

A

-UTI
-respiratory infections
-skin and soft tissue infections
-gastrointestinal infections
-bacteremia infections and blood borne viral illness
-conjunctivitis

27
Q

what is the leading cause of death in LTC facilities?

A

Influenza

28
Q

when is Influenza infectious?

A

a day before symptom onset to 5 days after

29
Q

What is a possible cause of Influenza outbreaks?

A

transmission from direct caregivers to residents

30
Q

what are some benefits of vaccinating HCP against the flu?

A

-reduces flu among workers
-reduces work absences
-protects patients

31
Q

vaccine uptake for HCP is highest when

A

employer required vaccine or gave onsite

32
Q

what are some workplace strategies for influenza vaccine uptake?

A

-promote onsite vaccination
-offer low or no cost vaccines
-remember non clinical staff

33
Q

describe the effects on animals on the elderly

A

-decreases loneliness
-increases socialization
-provides companionship
-even robotic dogs decrease loneliness

34
Q

define presenteeism

A

working when sick

35
Q

define an antigen

A

any substance identified by the human immune system as foregin

36
Q

what is the most common infection in LTC?

A

UTIs

37
Q

What is the leading cause of death in LTC?

A

respiratory infections

38
Q

what is the most common cause of acute GI in LTC?

A

Norovirus

39
Q

how does the CDC define LTC facilities?

A

nursing homes, skilled nursing facilities, assisted living facilities collectively known as LTC that provide a variety of services

40
Q

what is the average age of a LTC resident?

A

80+

40
Q

Which WBCs learn from encounters with an antigen and remember the second time it envades the body?

A

t cells and b cells

41
Q

____ ____ are released from the bone marrow and are responsible for initial phagocytosis

A

myeloid leukocytes

42
Q

which cells promote an immediate inflammatory response?

A

basophillic cells and mast cells which release histamine

43
Q

which immunoglobulin is contained in mucousal secretions and protects muceous membranes?

A

IgA

44
Q

define an outbreak

A

an increase, often sudden, in the number of cases of a disease above what is normally expected in that population

45
Q

define a cluster

A

an aggregation of cases grouped in place and time that are suspected to be greater than expected, even though the expected number may not be known.

46
Q

how many norovirus cases constitute an outbreak?

A

2

47
Q

when is norovirus infectious?

A

prior to symptoms and up to 10 days after symptoms resolve

48
Q

what contributes to BBP transmission?

A

-lack of education and training
-inadequate staff
-multiple staff
-lack of needed supplies
-sharing equipment

49
Q

what should the IPC program be based on?

A

facility risk assessment and infection prevention risk assessment

50
Q

what are some systems for environmental monitoring?

A

-fluroescent marking systems: gel that dries and you can detect with black light after cleaning whether it has been removed
-ATP bioluminescence: after special environmental surface swab has been obtained, a handheld illuminator us used to measure residual organic debris.

LTC-CIP (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions