Long term adaptations - Definitions

Question 1

Heart rate

Answer 1

The number of beats the heart pumps per minute. Measured in Beats Per Minute.

Question 2

Stroke Volume

Answer 2

measure of how much blood is pumped out of the left ventricle into the aorta each time it beats.

Question 3

Cardiac output

Answer 3

is the amount of blood pumped out of the heart per minute.

Question 4

Cardiac hypetrophy

Answer 4

An increase in the volume and wall thickness of the heart (particularly the left ventricle)

Question 5

Blood pressure

Answer 5

Measure of the pressure within the arteries. It is usually recorded as two numbers such as 120 / 80.

Question 6

Blood & haemoglobin level

Answer 6

amount of blood in the body;
a protein responsible for transporting oxygen in the blood

Question 7

Capillarisation

Answer 7

in the amount of blood vessels surrounding the heart, lungs and muscles

Question 8

Improved ventilation

Answer 8

The volume of air moved into and out of the lungs per minute (L/min). Measured as RR x TV

Question 9

O2 exchange

Answer 9

The gas exchange at cellular level in body tissues. Occurs at lungs as well as muscles/tissues

Question 10

VO2 max

Answer 10

The maximal amount of oxygen that is taken up, transported and utilised by working muscles. Measured in L/min.