Long exam 1 Flashcards
The normal straw color of urine is largely due to the presence of
Urochrome
Emptying the bladder or urine voiding is otherwise known as
micturition
set of parts involved in urine formation is correctly sequenced?
glomerulus, proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, collecting ducts, renal pelvis, ureter, urinary bladder, urethra
The procedure of wet urinalysis starts with the
sample identification
Amino acid disorders are characterized by the passage of urine with
characteristic odors
The presence of smoky urine is most likely indicative of
hematuria
One of the following is characterized by a turbid urine due to leakage of lymph:
chyluria
Brick dust refers to which of the following crystals?
amorphous urates
Gross examination of urine samples involve all of the following except
pH and specific gravity testing
The clearing of turbidity due to the addition of a dilute acid confirms the presence of
amorphous phosphates
The presence of casts in the urine is called
cylindruria
The purpose of collecting timed urine samples is for obtaining
higher concentration of a particular substance tested
Any transient increase in urinary volume is termed
diuresis
The most commonly encountered abnormal color of urine is
red-brown
The TS (Total Solids) meter or refractometer is used to measure
specific gravity
The presence of many mucus threads in the urine indicates
renal inflammatory episode
PKU or phenylketonuria is a disease characterized by the voiding of a
mousy-smelling urine
A reagent strip is sometimes referred to as the
dipstick
Regarded as the routine or basic urinalysis is the
wet urinalysis
Macroscopic examination of urine includes the following except
chemical testing using multistix
In the event that only one urine specimen is obtained, which correct sequence should be followed in wet urinalysis?
check for contamination - bacteriologic examination - glucose testing - examination for crystals and casts
The patient’s degree of hydration and urine concentration can be estimated by examining
urine color
Small cloudy patches in normal urine due to the presence of mucus is called
nubecula
Which pigment causes the production of yellow foam ?
bilirubin
Presence of intact red blood cells is called
hematuria
Homogentisic acid forms brown-black urine upon long standing – a condition known as
alkaptonuria
Which of these urinary constituents can be cleared through acidification?
amorphous phosphates
The dye Oil Red O is used to demonstrate the presence of
lipiduria
Excretion by an adult of more than 500 mL. of urine with a specific gravity of 1.018 at night is known as
nocturia
Which of the following statements is not true?
Aside from urochrome, there are other pigments that give normal urine a yellow color.
A urine sample with a specific gravity of 1.010 is described as
isosthenuric
Which parameter cannot be measured using reagent strip technology?
A. specific gravity C. glucose
B. urinary pH D. osmolality
osmolality
Sound wave frequency and falling drop method are performed to assess the urine
specific gravity
The state of hydration of the patient can be assessed by all of the following except
A. urine osmolality C. urine specific gravity
B. urine volume and color D. urine pH
urine pH
The presence of high amounts of indican will give a urine sample a
blue-green color
The average adult on a normal diet produces a 24-hour urine with a pH of about
6.0
At night, during the mild respiratory acidosis of sleep, a more acidic urine is formed. The acidity is largely due to the buildup of
carbon dioxide
A diet high in meat and cranberries will
lower urinary pH
The ill effects of salicylic acid poisoning would be aggravated by which of the following:
A. diet rich in meat
B. intake of sodium bicarbonate
C. diet high in citrus fruits
D. prohibition of acid phosphate ingestion
diet rich in meat
In the tubular cells, the passing filtrate acquire hydrogen ions in exchange for
sodium ions
Which pair of dipstick and its number of chemical parameters is incorrect?
A. Multistix 10 SG - 10
B. Uristix -2
C. Diastix – 2
D. Chemstrip G – 1
Diastix – 2
The Uristix reagent strip can detect
Glucose and protein only
The titratable acidity of a 24-hour urine collected in ice utilizes as titrant the
0.1N NaOH
Bacterial growth in urine specimen is characterized by all of the following except
A. clouding that cannot be cleared by acidification
B. clouding that can be removed by paper filtration
C. marked alkaline shift to a pH > 8.0
D. marked unsuitability as sample for bacterial culture
clouding that can be removed by paper filtration
The most accurate means of determining the pH of urine samples is the
pH meter with a glass electrode
The protein uromucoid is secreted by the cells in the distal tubular cells and ascending loop of Henle. It is highly associated with cast formation. It is also referred to as the
Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein
The presence of Bence Jones protein the urine is suggestive of
Multiple myeloma
A hazy urine with high protein content collected after a heavy exercise is an example of
Functional proteinuria
To detect the kinds of protein in the urine, what is needed is
Electrophoresis
The catabolic products derived from lipids which can become potentially toxic are the
ketone bodies
