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History > London and the blitz > Flashcards

London and the blitz Flashcards

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1
Q

Why was London a target?
-4 reasons

A

.east end- warehouse+factories, social areas like pubs and theatres
.Westminster- home of king,gov and prime minister
.city of london- financial center, important rail links
.surburbs- residents

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2
Q

How many people evacuated in the first two days of war?

A

1.5 million

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3
Q

How many Anderson Shelters provided?

A

1.5 million Anderson shelters were provided before the outbreak of war with 2.1 million distributed during WW2

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4
Q

How many Morrison Shelters were provided?

A

500,000 Morrison shelters were provided in 1941 and 100,000 more in 1943

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5
Q

How many gasmasks were provided at the outbreak of WW2?

A

38million

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6
Q

How many carried gasmaks?

A

In September 1939 around 75% of people carried a mask, this dropped to 43% by November 1939.

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7
Q

When were blackout restrictions reduced and lifted?

A

reduced in 1944
lifted in 1945

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8
Q

What were Anderson Shelters made of?

A

iron sheets, which were used to line and roof over a pit dug in the ground
-holds 6 people

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9
Q

What was a morrison shelter
-positives

A

-steel cage
-stopped buildings collapsing on people

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10
Q

If people earnt a certain wage how much did they have to pay for a shelter?

A

who earned more than £250 a year had to pay £7

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11
Q

What were the Luftwaffe aims

A

Soften London up before the planned invasion
Target civilians in homes
Destroy industry and communications to damage war effort.

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12
Q

When was the first German air raid on London

A

25th august 1940

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13
Q

How many people were injured and killed in the blitz?

A

54,000

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14
Q

blitz dates

A

7 Sept 1940 – 11 May 1941

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15
Q

How many Londoners lost their homes in the first few weeks?

A

250,000

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16
Q

How much did london’s population drop by?

A

44%

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17
Q

lol

A

hi

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18
Q

How many died in the Lull

A

1,808
after the blitz before V1 and V2

19
Q

the Baby Blitz?

A

21 Jan- May 1944
3,700 people killed and injured - 948 a month compared to 58 in the Lull

20
Q

Balham Tube Disaster?

A

14th October 1940
civilians and workers killed
66

21
Q

Bank tube attack?

A

11th Jan 1941
56 killed most 18-39

22
Q

Bethnal Green tube disaster?

A

3rd March 1943
-few east underground stations
- Anti-aircraft rockets went off near, people panicked + rushed downstairs
- 173 killed in crush
-Report censored until war ended
Shelters became ticketed to stop overcrowding 1500 entered

23
Q

Mickey’s shelter?

A

-5000 sheltered nightly in a basement
. used donations from the rich to make a first aid station and canteen

24
Q

South Hallsville?

A

.school used as a shelter in the east end
.11th sep 600 sheltering there
. 77 killed by parachute mine
. censored
. made the gov care more about homeless

25
Q

V1?

A

flying bomb that could be heard and intercepted by Fighter planes.

26
Q

v2?

A

supersonic rocket no pre warning

27
Q

v1+v2 censorship

A

.government kept quite
.v1 little damage
.v2 was just gas explosions

28
Q

When did Churchill announce threat?

A

10th nov 1944
Government’s popularity fell because they didn’t admit V2 threat and could not protect London

29
Q

How many v1s were fired over 10 months?

A

9000

30
Q

how many v1s hit london

A

2515

31
Q

First v1 and v2

A

12th june 1944
v2= 8th sep 1944

32
Q

last v1 and v2

A

27/29 march

33
Q

how many evacuated july 1944

A

559,000

34
Q

how many killed by v1+2

A

28,891

35
Q

homes damaged in little blitz

A

1.3mill

36
Q

Deptford v2 hit?

A

5 November
.a V2 hit a shop (Woolworths) in deptford -
killed 200 and injured 160.

37
Q

Monarchy + gov

A

both stayed in london to gain morale

38
Q

role of dance?

A

dance halls stayed open
popular

39
Q

theatres?

A

closed initially but reopened
lunchtime performances popular

40
Q

Crowds for football in london

A

16k

41
Q

How much did audiences in cinemas increase by?

A

50%

42
Q

Dig for victory?

A

People encouraged to dig up gardens to grow vegetables.

43
Q

What were the war cabinet rooms?

A

Government’s underground bunker, finished August 27th 1939

44
Q

How many tons of bombs dropped on london

A

503

History (6 decks)

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