LOM ch.5 Flashcards
Anastomosis
A surgical connection between two structures
Appendicitis
Inflammation of the appendix. Can cause red, swollen appendix with pus.
Buccal mucosa
Mucous membrane lining the cheek
Cecum
First part of the large intestine
Celiac
Pertaining to the abdomen
Cheilosis
Disease/ abnormal condition of the lip
Chledochojejunostomy
New opening between the stomach and jejunum
Choledochotomy
Cutting into the common bile duct
Colon
Portion of the large intestine consisting of the ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid segments.
Colostomy
Opening from colon to outside of the body
Common bile duct
Carries vile from the liver and gallbladder to the duodenum; also called the choledochus
Duodenum
First part of the small intestine; measures twelve inches long
Enterocolitis
Inflammation of the colon and small intestine ??
Esophagus
Tube connecting the throat to the stomach. Eso means inwards, phago means swallowing
Gallbladder
Small sac under the liver; stores bile
Gingivitis
Inflammation of the gums
Hepatomegaly
Abnormal enlargement of the liver
Hydrochloric acid
Substance produced by the stomach; necessary for the digestion of food.
Hyperbilirubinemia
Too much bilirubin in the blood; bilirubin is formed when red blood cells break down
Ileitis
Inflammation of the ileum
Ileum
Third part of the small intestine; from the Greek eilos meaning twisted.
Labial
Pertaining to the lip
Mesentery
Part of the double fold of the peritoneum that stretches around organs in the abdomen; holds organs in place. Lies in the middle of the intestines, a membrane attaching the intestines to the muscle wall at the back of the abdomen.
Palatoplasty
Procedure to repair cleft palate and cleft lip.
Pancreas
Organ under the stomach; produces insulin and enzymes
Pancreatitis
Inflammation of the pancreas
Periodontist
Gum doctor
Peritonitis
Inflammation of the peritoneum
Peristalsis
Rhythmic contractions of the tubular organs. In the gastrointestinal tract, peristalsis moves the contents through at different rates.
Pharynx
Throat, the common passageway for food from the mouth and for air from the nose.
Postprandial
After meal; post cibum
Pulp
Soft tissue within a tooth, containing nerves and blood vessels.
Sialadenitis
Inflammation of the salivary gland
Sphincter
Circular ring of muscle that constricts a passage or closes a natural opening
Steatorrhea
Improperly digested fats will appear in the feces
Stomatitis
Inflammation of the mouth
Sublingual
Below the tongue
Anorexia
Loss of appetite; self-starvation
Ascites
Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen; fluid passes from the bloodstream and collects in the peritoneal cavity
Cholelithiasis
Gallstones in the gallbladder; stones prevent bile from leaving the gallbladder
Cirrhosis
Chronic degenerative disease of the liver often caused by alcoholism, viral hepatitis, and other causes. Live is scared and infiltrated w fat
Crohn disease
Chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract; can occur anywhere from mouth to anus but occurs most commonly in the ileum. Form of inflammatory bowel disease.
Diarrhea
Frequent passage of loose, watery stools.
Diverticula
Abnormal outpouchings in the internal wall of the colon
Diverticulitis
Happens when cal matter becomes trapped in diverticula with symptoms of pain and rectal bleeding.
Dysentery
Painful, inflamed intestines commonly caused by bacterial infection. Often occurs in colon resulting from consuming food or water containing bacteria
Dysphagia
Difficulty swallowing
Esophageal varices
Swollen varicose veins at the lower end of the esophagus. Caused by liver disease
Etiology
Cause
Flatus
Gas expelled through anus
Colic
Distress, crying
Colitis
Inflammation if the colon
Hematochezia
Passage of fresh bright red blood from the rectum
Hemorrhoids
Swollen twisted varicose veins in the rectal region
Icterus
Jaundice
Ileus
Loss of peristalsis with resulting obstruction of the intestines
Intussusception
Telescoping of the intestines; one segment of bowel collapses into the opening of another segment
Irritable bowel syndrome
Group of GI systems but without abnormalities in the intestines
Jaundice
Yellow-orange coloration of the skin and whites of the eyes caused by high levels of bilirubin in the blood
Melena
Black tarry stools; feces containing digested blood
Oral leukoplakia
White plaques or patches on the mucosa of the mouth
Pancreatic cancer
Malignant tumor of the pancreas
Ulcerative colitis
Chronic inflammation of the colon with presence of ulcers; rectal bleeding and pain
Hepatitis
Inflammation of the liver
Amylase
Enzyme secreted by the pancreas and salivary glands to digest starch
