LOM blood ch13

Question 1

Function of Blood

Answer 1

transports foods, gases, and wastes to and from the cells of the body. also transports chemical messengers, blood proteins, white blood cells, and platelets

Question 2

what are chemical messengers called?

Answer 2

hormones

Question 3

what do white blood cells do?

Answer 3

fight infection

Question 4

what do platelets do?

Answer 4

help the blood clot

Question 5

medical term for WBC

Answer 5

Leukocyte

Question 6

medical name for platelet

Answer 6

thrombocyte

Question 7

Composition of blood

Answer 7

cells, plasma, water, proteins, sugar, salts, hormones, lipids, vitamins

Question 8

what are the different cells in the composition of blood?

Answer 8

erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets

Question 9

55% of our blood’s volume is made up of

Answer 9

plasma

Question 10

What percentage of blood volume do cells constitute?

Answer 10

45%

Question 11

What are erythrocytes?

Answer 11

red blood cells transport nutrients and oxygen

Question 12

what are leukocytes

Answer 12

white blood cells

Question 13

what are thrombocytes?

Answer 13

platelets; clot blood

Question 14

What is an immature red blood cell called?

Answer 14

Erythroblast

Question 15

Where do erythrocytes originate?

Answer 15

In bone marrow

Question 16

What are cells in the spleen, liver, and bone marrow that destroy worn-out erythrocytes?

Answer 16

Macrophages

Question 17

what is a phagocyte

Answer 17

A type of immune cell that can surround and kill microorganisms, ingest foreign material, and remove dead cells

Question 18

What are the different types of white blood cells?

Answer 18

basophils, eosinophils, neutrophils, monocytes, lymphocytes

Question 19

Basophils

Answer 19

contain heparin (prevents clotting) and histamine (involved in allergic responses)

Question 20

Eosinophils

Answer 20

phagocytic cells involved in allergic responses and parasitic infections

Question 21

Neutrophils

Answer 21

phagocytic cells that accumulate at sites of infection

Question 22

Monocytes

Answer 22

phagocytic cells that become macrophages and digest bacteria and tissue debris

Question 23

Lymphocytes

Answer 23

control the immune response; make antibodies to antigens

Question 24

what are the granulocytes?

Answer 24

A type of immune cell that has granules (small particles) with enzymes that are released during infections, allergic reactions, and asthma

Question 25

the 3 granulocytes:

Answer 25

neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils

Question 26

what are the plasma protiens?

Answer 26

albumin, globulin, fibrinogen, prothrombin

Question 27

What are fibrinogen and prothrombin?

Answer 27

clotting proteins

Question 28

What does albumin do?

Answer 28

Maintains the proper proportion and concentration of water in the blood

Question 29

What are globulins?

Answer 29

Another part of the blood containing plasma proteins: alpha, beta, and gamma globulins

Question 30

What are immunoglobulins?

Answer 30

Antibodies that bind to and sometimes destroy antigens or foreign substances, ie. IgG, IgA

Question 31

Type A:

Answer 31

A antigen and anti-B antibody

Question 32

Type B:

Answer 32

B antigen and anti-A antibody

Question 33

Type AB:

Answer 33

A and B antigens and no antibodies (universal recipient)

Question 34

Type O:

Answer 34

no A or B antigens and both anti-A and anti-B antibodies (universal donor)

Question 35

RH factor

Answer 35

positive and negative

Question 36

Why is blood type matching important for identification of pregnancy?

Answer 36

Most people are Rh positive so problem arises with Rh negative mother with Rh positive fetus.

Question 37

coagulation:

Answer 37

fibrin clot

Question 38

anticoagulant:

Answer 38

heparin, warfarin (Coumadin)