loki haup souprice quiz 1 Flashcards
usual questions asked for neurological diagnosis
is there a neuro prob - s/sx or evidenced basend on S and O
where is the prob - level, laterality and localize
what is the prob - disease it self
classic triad of meningitis
fever, headache, meningismus
usual s/sx of meningeal irritation
head ache and vomiting with
nuchal rigidity - pain in passive neck flex
(+) brudzinski - PT flex head and hip and knee flexes
(+) kernig - PT flex hip and ext knee then pt has pain and flexes neck
usual s/sx of inc ICP
head and vomiting with
papilledema
cushing’s triad - inc BP, bradycardia and bradypnea
diplopia c internal quint - LR6 palsy
deterioration of level of conciousness
usual s/sx of focal neurologic deficits
disturbance in higher intellectual func
CN deficits
weakness of paralysis of ex
incoordinaiton and poor equilib
reflex assym or pathologicl reflex
sensory impairment in ex and trunk
compare UMNL and LMNL in terms of weakness
UMN: muscle below level
LMN: muscle at level
compare UMNL and LMNL in terms of atrophy
UMN: late onsent
LMN: early onset
compare UMNL and LMNL in terms of fasciculations
UMN: -
LMN: +
compare UMNL and LMNL in terms of tone
UMN: inc
LMN: dec
compare UMNL and LMNL in terms of superficial reflex
UMN: -
LMN: -
compare UMNL and LMNL in terms of DTR
UMN: inc
LMN: dec or absent
compare UMNL and LMNL in terms of pathological reflex
UMN: + babinski
LMN: -
s/sx of cerebrum lesion
memory impairment
emo or behave vhanges
lang disturbance
intellectual impairment
seizure
contralat hemiapresis, hemisensory deficitis, heminaopsia
s/sx of brainstem/cerebellum lesion
CN defecits
s/sx of brainstem lesion
ipsi CN deficits
contrat hemiparesis and babinski
ipsi limb ataxia
internuclear ophthalmoplegia - MLF syndrome
s/sx of motor pathway lesion
weakness of paralysis of ex
s/sx of cerebellar lesion
vermis - truncal ataxia
hemispheres - ipsi limb ataxia
or both
s/sx of spinal cord lesion
normal above lesion
incontinence
loss of sensory below lesion
SC dysfunction if cervical
both ex and trunk
inc DTR
+ babinski
+ hoffmans
SC dysfunction if thoracic
trunk down but normal UE
sensory deficit trunk down
LE weka or spastic; inc DTR, + babinski
SC dysfunction if lumbar
below umbilicus
weak of both LE; peripheral nerve - 1 LE
pain
hyporeflexia
c/s pathologic reflex
SC dysfunction in somesthetic system
impaired in trunk and UE
SC dysfunction in ANS
ask about bowel, bladder and sex
symph and parasymph
s/sx of anterior horn cell dysfunction
ALS, polio
hyporeflexia, fasciculations, falccid
s/sx of peripheral nerve dysfunction
diabetes, alcohol, guillain-barre
distal sesorimotor defect
symmetrical and c atrophy
s/sx of NMJ dysfunction
myasthenia gravis
motor - diurnal - strong in morning tas weak at night
intact reflexes and + anticholinesterase
s/sx of muscle dysfunction
proximal symetrical weakness
pain and tenderness
atrophy
what are tumors
abnormal mass of lesions - benign or malignant
what is abscess
collection of pus
what is cysts
sac like filled iwth air, fluid or other shit
hematoma
colelction of blood
granuloma
inflamm lesion and large number of cell types
eg of congenital/dev/hereditary
spina bifida, aneurysm, craniostenosis
eg of traumatic
hemorrhage
eg of infection
meningitis, encephalitis, abscess
eg of degenerative
alzhimer, parkinsons, ALS
eg of neoplasm
tumors
eg of metabolic/endocirne
hypoglycemia, hypoxia
eg of intoxication
drug overdoes, chemicals, poison, alcohol
eg of nutritional deficiency
vit b1, b6, b12
eg of vascular
stroke
eg of immunologic
polio, myasthenia gravis, guillain -barre
eg of demyilnating
multiple sclerosis
charac of vascular
acute and rapid progress
charac of toxic and metabolic
acute-sub mod progress
charac of infection
acute-sub-chroninc rapid or steadt progress
charac of neoplasm
chronic
charac of degen
slowly progressive
