Loire Valley Flashcards
largest prod Muscadet AOC
Sevre et Maine
Pay Nantes largest AOC in size
Muscadet AOC
% AOC, IGP, VDF
83, 9, 7
what is Perruches ? where ?
Flinty Clay, Vouvray, M-S-L
What is the largest sparkling sub region
Saumur
What region is #1 for sparkling ? why ?
Saumur
size and yields allowed for Mousseux > Cremant de Loire
Where does the Loire flow from / to
Base of Mont Gerbier to Atlantic
Syn for Cab Franc in Loire
Breton
Gros Plant syn
Folle Blanche
what are sapines
flat bottom boat
largest prod white AOC middle Loire
Vouvray
Touraine AOC
styles
white(p)
red(p) 3
borders
dry red/wh/rose, sparkling wh/rose
s blanc
cf, cot, gamay
Blois to Vienne
Sweet wine grapes in specific AOCs
Malvoisie and Romorantin
What was decree of Paris that helped Loire
made illegal for wine produced within 20 leagues of city to be sold
St Nicholas de Bourgueil AOC
Rose grapes
CF, CS
Syn for Pinot Gris
malvoisie
What is Aubuis
Clay . Limestone. in Touraine hillsides
Cremant de loire AOC
style
grapes (p) 3 wh, 1 ,rose, 5 red
usual grapes 3
large producers or small
sparkling wh/rose
chard, chenin, orbois
grolleau gris
cf, cs, grollleau, pineau, p noir
chenin , cf, chard
large
Valencay AOC
style
grapes (4)
loc re: river, other AOCs
soils 3
influence
dom grapes wh/red
dry wh, red, rose
red(p) cot, gamay, pinot noir
wh(p) s blanc
left bank cher, west of Reuilly
chalk, perruches, sandy gravel
white s. blanc, red/rose gamay
Pay Nantes soli has LS ?
little
2 AOCs contained in Savennieres
Roche Aux Moines
Coulee de Serrant
Sub Regions (3)
Lower - Pays Nantes
Middle - Anjou - Saumu, Touraine
Central and Upper
Touraine AOC
still white grape
SB
Sparkling prod
MT
Coteaux d’aubance AOC
style
loc
climate note
allowed technique / viti
semi to sweet, 3.4% RS
both sides of Aubance river
wamest AOC in Anjou
SGN allowed if rot
What is most important red AOC in A-S
Saumur-Champigny AOC
Montlouis-sur-Loire AOC
Petillant Originel reqs (5)
hand harvest
no additions including sugar or yeast
single fermentation
9 mos age
no dosage after disgorge
Pay Nantes #1 white gtape
Melon
Orleans-Clery AOC
style
grape
location
red
CF only
within Orleans
Grapes in Reuilly rose
Pinot Noir, Pinot Gris
What is the largest “area”
Middle Loire
Touraine and Central Loire land mass
Paris Basin
Largest producer AOC Loire
Cabernet d’Anjou
Dom grape in Valencay rose
gamay
Vouvray AOC
Mousseux method
age
MT
12 mos
Vouvray AOC
styles
grape(p)
Soils (2)
influence
dom style(2)
dry to sweet white, sparkling white
chenin(p), orbois
Aubuis, Perruches
some oceanic, can warm soils
Mousseux and Petillant
Anjou - Saumur
white (p)/ wine styles ?
others whites
red (p) 2/ wine styles
rose / gris (2)
other reds
Chenin. dry / sweet / sparkling
S. Blanc, chardonnay, orbois /arbois
CF red, rose, sparkling / Grolleau Noir, Rose, sparkling
Grolleau Gris, Sauv Gris
cs, gamey, merlot, pineau d’aunis, pinot noir, cot
Saumur AOCs by size
Saumur AOC
Saumur - Champigny AOC
Top grape overall
Cab Franc
what are auvergnates
flat bottom boat
Where are the Rose Anjou apps
same area as Anjou AOC
Grape in sweet Anjou - Saumur
Chenin
Anjou - Saumur #1 wine style
Rose semi-sweet and dry 50%
Location of sweet wine AOC in S-A
grapes
flank Layon River
Chenin
Dom grape in Valencay red
gamay
Savennieres AOC
styles
vineyards related to river
topo
grape, typical style
soil 5
dry, semi, sweet. EU rules
S facing, perpendicular to right bank
steep slopes 5
chenin, classic dry but others
slate, schist, volcanic, rock, aeolian sand
Red prod techniqe
de-stem, crush, macerate 1-4 weeks, ferment in vat or barrel, malo used to reduce acid
Pay Nantes #1 Red in Coteaux d’Ancenis
Gamay
Middle Loire-wide AOCs
Cremant de Loire AOC
Rose de Loire AOC
Pay Nantes other whites (6)
Chard
Chenin
Folle Blanche
Colombard
Montili
S. Blanc
Rose de Loire AOC
size relative to other Roses
style
grapes(p) 1 gris, 6
smallest
rose only
Grolleau Gris
CF, CS, GAMAY, Grolleau, Pineau, p noir,
Pay Nantes other whites (6)
Chard
Chenin
Folle Blanche
Colombard
Montili
S. Blanc
White wine prod
reductive, neutral vessels, no malo, lees age
More red or white
white
Touraine -Middle Loire
Rose / Gris grapes
Grolleau Gris
Pinot Gris
Sauv Gris
What is the volcanic Loire
upper. 4 apps but 2 on sedimentary
Cheverny AOC
style
grapes red, wh, gris
rivers
influence
dry why, red, rose
red(p) p. noir, white (p) s blanc, gris(p) SAuv Gris
Beuveon, Cosson, Bievre
Wooded area
Anjou Gamay rules / variations?
100% Gamay, Primeur
Pay Nantes Rose / Gris
Pinot Gris
Anjou - Saumur sparkling styles
Mousseux and Cremant de Loire
Center Loire
soils (4)
LS / LS rich pebbles of Portlandian Marl - Cailllottes
Clay and LS - Terres Blanches - K marl
Flint (Silex) and Clay w Flint (Arguiles e Silex)
sand / gravel
2 names for flinty clay in touraine
arguiles e silex, perruches
What are the Chaine des Puys
string of extinct volcanoes in upper Loire
St Nicholas de Bourgueil AOC
style
grapes ? dom ?
Loc, bank, aspect
soil differ from Bourgueil
wine style from soil
alternate label
red, rose
CF(p) CS
West of Bourg, right bank, S aspect
Higher % sandy gravel
generous fruit, supple tannin, mature faster
Bourg
Quincy AOC
style
grapes
loc / river
soil
dom grape
dry white only
s blanc(p) Sauv Gris (s)
mostly left bank Cher, some right
sand, gravel
mostly S Blanc
Loire River starting point
Mount Gerbier de Jonc
Chinon AOC
red(p)
white(p)
red(s)
cf
chenin
cs
Montlouis-sur-Loire AOC
style
grapes
loc re rivers
soils (3)
dom styles
organic % other ?
dry to sweet wh, sparkling wh
chenin only
left bank Loire (N)
cher river to S
Aubuis, Perruches, sand / gravel
sparkling Pet
35%, Terra Vitas
Rose d’Anjou AOC
style
Gris(p)
Red(p) 6
prod method allowed
dom grape
Rose, .7% RS
Grolleau Gris
CF, CS, Cot, Gamay, Grolleau, Pineau d’aunis
any
Grolleau
Muscadet AOC
style
white(p) 1
% Muscadet relative to others
Sur Lie Allowed ?
Assemblage
Overlaps what non Musc AOC
dry white
Melon
smaller than Sevre et Maine
no
up to 10% chard
Gros Plant du Pays Nantes AOC
Touraine Noble Joue AOC
name attrib
loc
city and noble grapes
inside of Touraine AOC
training systems (2)
guyot , cordone
Is chap allowed for white
certain years / conditions
Cour- Cheverny AOC
style
grapes
sweetness levels
dom style
dry to sweet white
Romorantin
semi 2-4.5%
sweet EU levels
dry
Coteaux de Layon AOC
SGN reqs
release when? label reqs / allowed ?
19% potential ABV at harvest
June 1st, 2nd year after
Vintage must appear, SGN can be on label
Anjou Brissac AOC
style
red(p)
blend or single
climate delta / reason
fka
red
CF, CS
blend, CF dom
warmer due to forest blocking wind
Anjou Village Brissac AOC
what is Terra Vitas
halfway to organic
Method for stopping ferment in off dry Rose
chilling
Center Loire Grapes (5)
White
Rose/Gris
Red
S blanc
Pinot Gris, Sauv Gris
Pinot Noir, Gamay
Cabernet d’Anjou AOC
style
red(p) 2
rank in Rose prod
color
prod method
Rose Rose 1% RS, med dry
CF, CS
1
onionskin
direct press and saignee allowed
Touraine -Middle Loire
Soil West to Vouvray
Hillside
Rivers
East , Vouvray, Montlouis-sur-Loire
Tuffeau
Clay and LS (Aubuis)
Sedimentary, sand, gravel
Flinty clay - arguiles e Silex or PErruches
Touraine AOC
red East of Tours
red west of Tours
Cot
CF
What is Sauvignon Gris used ? for ?
Haut Pitou, white wine
Anjou - Saumur
Soil West
Soil East Anjou
Soil Saumur (wine effect)
Soil rivers (wine effect)
Black Anjou Dark Schist / sandstone
White Anjou Tuffeau / white chalk
Tuffeau (hi acid / sparkling)
Pockets of sand (fruit driven reds)
Eastern Touraine apps (5)
Valencay
Cheverny
Cour-Cherverny
Orleans
Orleans-Clery
Coulee de Serrant AOC
styles
owner note / focus
founded by
harvest reqs
dry to sweet
Monopole
Joly family, dry focus
Cistercian Monks
biodyn, multiple
Bourgueil AOC
styles
red(p)(s)
loc
aspects
topo
red, rose
cf,cs
Right bank, north of Chinon
south
river terraces, plains, hills
Touraine AOC
sub soil
top soil (5)
Tuffeau
vary. gravel, sand, clay, perruches, aubois
what is recent change in Vouvray
wine must vinify in Vouvray
Coteaux de Layon AOC
style
Premier Cru sweetness
soil
loc re: Layon
aspect
influence
more sweet or semi-sweet
semi to sweet white 3.4% min
8%
schist, gravel , sand
both sides
s and SW
Atlantic
sweet
Reuilly AOC
styles
grapes(2 p, 1s)
Loc re Rivers
area note
Climate note
dry wh, red, rose
s blanc, p, noir (p) pinot gris (s)
both sides of Arnon and also Cher left
non-contiguous
dry meso climate
Pay Nantes reds (5)
Gamay
CS
CF
Negrette
Pinot Noir
which grape ripens first / last ?
Melon and sparkling, Sept 15
CF / sweet
Which AOC owned / worked by women
Savennieres
Anjou Villages AOC
style
red(p)2
Label rule
blend or single
red
CF, CS
name not on label
always blend
Muscadet Sevre et Maine AOC
DGC yields
DGC ageing
DGC label limit
lower
longer on lees
no sur lie on label
Touraine AOC
wh or red dom
dry white
hand harvest usage ?
many areas / all sweet , late
Touraine AOC
where Gamay ?
Primeur allowed ?
all
yes
Samur AOC Mousseux
dom grape spark white / spark rose
others allowed
ageing reqs
Chenin, CF
any from Samur
9 mos sur leed
Saumur AOC
dom style
loc , overlaps
Mousseux, wh or rose
all of Saumur, Anjou
Primary grape for sweet wine
Chenin
Touraine Noble Joue AOC
style
grapes required
methods
dry rose only
meunier(p) p noir, p gris
mostly direct press, meunier can be short macer
Touraine -Middle Loire
Red grapes
CF
Cot
Gamay
how late does late harvest go ?
Nov
Muscadet Cote de Grandlieu AOC
loca re: Nantes
vineyard topo
Climate feature
SW
flat
sea breezes chase clouds / salinity
Touraine AOC
Mousseux wh / rose grapes
lees time
method
chenin
many, cf, grolleau, gamay
9 mos
MT
is chap allowed red
certain AOC only
4 effects of climate change specifically for Loire
Melon ripening leading to recognition of Crus
Muscadet AOC auth Chard
Warm dry summer for consistent sweet wine in Layon
Dry chenin
Soil around Loire and tribs(3)
sedimentary,
decomposed igneous and metamorphic
wind blown sands,
Top red grape
Cab Franc
Sancerre AOC
style
loc re: Loire
grapes
soils (3) / effect on wine
topo and relative to Pouilly F
dry wh / red / rose
left bank
s blanc, p noir
Arguiles e Silex - gunflint
Caillottes - perfumed / early mature
Terres Blanches - power , ageable
steep 50% / higher elevation
what areas were effected by Vendie wars
Angers and Nantes
Pay Nantes and Anjou Saumur land mass
Massif Armorican
Orleans AOC
styles
grapes - 1(p) wh, 1 (p) red
loc
soil (3)
dom grapes per style
dry wh/ red/ rose
white(p) chard, gris(s) p gris
red(p) meunier, red(s) p noir
both banks Loire mostly left
sandy, pebble, alluvium
white chard, red/rose meunier
Pouilly Fume AOC
style
loc re: Loire
soil
blending technique
syn for S Blanc / meaning
dry wh only
right bank
Arguiles e Silex - gunflint
Caillottes - perfumed / early mature
Terres Blanches - power , ageable
Sand
blend across soil types
Blanc Fume / gunflint
how did white become popular
dutch urged planting for brandewein
Upper Loire land mass
Massif Central
where is Tuffeau in Middle Loire
West to Vouvray
What did Joan of Arc do ?
Convince Charles VII to accept French throne
Touraine -Middle Loire
Grapes West, East, Central
CF
SB
Chenin
Muscadet Sevre et Maine AOC
loc re: Nantes
% Muscadet prod
% sur lie
South
75%
90%
Manetou-Salon AOC
style
grapes (2)
compare to Sancerre / topo / grapes
climate risk
loc
dry white, rose, red
s blanc, p noir
sister-like, terroir, grapes, flatter
frost due to SW wine exposure
not on river banks
Loire attrib name from ?
Liger -> silt
largest prod red in Loire
Chinon
What is Cot
Malbec
Anjou - Saumur reds in blend
CS , CF
Touraine AOC
DGC differences
grape variety, style, sweetness
What did Plantaganent do ?
Marry Eleanor Aquitaine, became king of England made Loire popular in England
Touraine AOC
still rose req
must blend at least 2
no 1 more than 70%
dry only
Touraine -Middle Loire
red or white dom ?
which red grape dom ?
white mostly dry or sweet ?
dom whites ?
where sparkling ?
most important sparkling ?
grapes in rose ?
red
cf
dry
chenin, SB
M-S-L, vouvray
vouvray
cf, Pineau, meunier
Pay Nantes soil acidic ?
yes
Touraine region white grapes
Chenin,
SB,
Romorantin
Rose prod methods
Direct press and Saignee
Quarts du Charmes Grand Cru AOC
style
attrib name
soil (2)
aspect / loc re: river
influence
allowed technique
sweet, 8.5% RS
farmers giving 25% harvest to lords
schist, sandstone
S facing river
autumn mist
passerillage
what are garbarres
flat bottom boat
Chenin apps in Touraine
Vouvray, Montlouis-sur-Loire
Chinon AOC
style
loc
soils (3)
influence
dry red, wh, rose
flanks vienne river, left bank loire
rivers (sand / gravel), hills tuffeau, hi elevation flinty clay / sand
forest protection
Effect of Railorads
move to hi quality
Saumur-Champigny AOC
style
grapes
soil
loc
name attrib
red
CF(p) CS, Pineau
Tuffeau
8 village near Saumur
campus Igni -> field of fire due to warm climate
Pouilly Sur Loire AOC
style
grape
loc
dry white
Chasselas only
within Pouilly Fume
Bourgueil AOC
Soils , dom ?
wine characteristics per soil
Gravel
Tuffeau
Gravel
Gravel wine raspberry fruit
Tuffeau structured complex spice plum
What effect did French Revolution have
slowed prod of low Q / hi volume
where are multiple tris required ?
late harvest
Anjou AOC
styles
white(p)
red(p) 3
gris(s) 1
red(s) 2
all dry, sweet, sparkling except dry rose
chenin
cf,cs, gamay
grolleau gris
grolleau noir, pineau d’aunis
Anjoiu-Coteaux de la Loire AOC
syle
loc re river , other AOCs
influence
semi to sweet, 3.4% RS
West of Angers
both sides of river within 3km of banks, between Muscat Coteaux de la Loire and Savennieres
river , temp moderate / fog
Touraine Noble Joue AOC
rule around vats
no red allowed
Roche Aux Moines AOC
styles
when sweet produced
harvest reqs
name means
dry to sweet, semi to sweet min 3% RS
when Rot
hand / 2 passes
monks rock
what is term for harvest passes ?
tris
More red or white in Anjou AOC
white assemblage
Mousseux white / rose grapes
red 2x
Chenin with Chard , S Blan allowed
white chenin / others
rose any red any gris
Bonnezeaux AOC
style
contrast to Quarts
name attrib
sweet 5.1% RS
more refreshing
good waters
Saumur AOC
styles
white(p)
red(p) 2
red(s) 4
white(s) 2
rose (s) 1
all dry , sparkling
chenin
CF, CS
Pineau d’Aunis, Gamay, P Noir, Grolleau
Chard, S Blanc
Grolleau Gris
What area was called the Jardins del la France
Angers to Orleans
Pay Nantes Vineyard aspect / topography / dist from ocean
Climate threats
south
flat
0-60 mi
Frost humidty
Pay Nantes soils (4)
rock
igneous
metamorphic
volcanic
Largest IGP
Val di Loire
Muscadet Coteau de Loire AOC
loc re: Nantes
size
which banks of Loire
overlaps ?
vineyard topo
NE
smallest
both
Coteaux d’Ancenis
hillsides
Saumur AOC
still white grape - assemblage
still red grapes - assemblage
Rose style / grape - assemblage
Rose fka
DGC / style
Chenin
CF plus CS / Pineau
dry, CF+CS blend
Cabernet de Saumur
Puy Notre Dame, red CF dom + CS allowed
Center Loire
dom grapes wh / red
dist to burgundy
climate / threat
effect of weather / rain / elevation
s blanc, pinot noir
70 mi
frost / hail
less diverse grape range
harvest differentials
Anjou - Saumur (Middle Loire)
Dom red / white
Anjou city and valley
Saumur city
Climates / relative to Sancerre
CF / Chenin
Angers , Layon
Saurmur
Maritime to Cont West to East
more temperate
Saumur sparkling AKA
Saumur Brut
Top white grape
Sauvignon Blanc
What is Montlouis-sur-Loire official bubble designation
Fines Bulles
What climate issues are there for organic
humidity and rain (weed / mold)
First AOC to harvest in Central Loire
Reuilly AOC
Saumur AOC
styles
dry white, red, rose
sparkling white, rose
Saumur AOC
white(p)
red(p) 2
chenin
cf, cs