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Bordeaux Flashcards

1
Q

In what battle did France reclaim Bordeaux

A

Battle of Castillon

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2
Q

Which event almost wiped out Malbec

A

Winter freeze 1956

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3
Q

What was the original tribe in the area

A

Bituriges

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4
Q

What chateau started the chateau trend

A

Haut Brion

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5
Q

what was the order of diseases that hit Bordeaux

A

Powery Mildew
Phylloxera
Downy Mildew

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6
Q

Where is most Bortdeaux consumed

A

France

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7
Q

What dept is Bordeaux in ?

A

Gironde

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8
Q

Relative size vs Burgundy

A

4x

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9
Q

What is N to S boundary for Left Bank

A

Medoc to end of Sauternes

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10
Q

What is N to S boundary for Right Bank

A

Blaye to Castillon

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11
Q

How far does salt water come in the rivers

A

75 mi

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12
Q

Climate

A

Maritime

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13
Q

Climate Influences

A

Gulfstream
Landed Forest

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14
Q

Continental influence apps where ?

A

south and SE apps

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15
Q

Climate risks (3)

A

hail frost humidity

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16
Q

What is the broad region ?

A

Aquitaine

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17
Q

What app is highest elevation

A

Saint Foy

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18
Q

Dominant topo

A

flat

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19
Q

RB topo

A

small hills with low plateaus and deep valleys

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20
Q

LB topo

A

level expanse of gravel mounds

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21
Q

EDM

A

some significant slopes

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22
Q

River layout

A

network of rivers into Gironde

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23
Q

What are warm soils ? where?

A

gravel and sand
LB and some EDM

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24
Q

Gravel effect on wine

A

firm tannin structure

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25
Q

Sand effect on wine

A

opulent
fruit fwd
easy drinking

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26
Q

what are cool solis ? where ?

A

Clay, LS
RB, Hillsides of EDM

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27
Q

Which grapes need warm soil?

A

CS, PV

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28
Q

Which grapes like cool soil ?

A

Merlot, CF, Cot

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29
Q

Key characteristic of cool soil

A

dense water retaining
do not speed up ripening

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30
Q

Clay effect

A

iron rich , texture

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31
Q

LS effect

A

acidity, lean polished tannin

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32
Q

1800s varieties

A

CS
Carmeniere
PV
Gros Verdot
Merlot
Tarney Coulant

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33
Q

How was Carmeniere lost

A

plagues

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34
Q

which grape took the place of Malbec

A

Merlot

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35
Q

Current prod dom 3 red / 3 white ? what total %

A

Merlot, CS,CF
SB, Semillon, Muscadelle
97%

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36
Q

Climate change effect on reds

A

PV ripening
Merlot Hi ABV

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37
Q

SB trends

A

more, 100% SB

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38
Q

Spraying effect on SB

A

mineral, herbal

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39
Q

Where is Colombard and Ugni popular

A

Cote de Blaye

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40
Q

what are the new apporved whites / reds

A

Lilorila
Albarinho
Arinaroa
Castets
Touriga N
Marselan

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41
Q

Limits in vineyard and blend for new approved

A

5% / 10%

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42
Q

Semillon
Primary in what style
Susceptible to ?
Prod rank
Aging vessel

A

sweet
rot
1 - same as SB
barrique

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43
Q

Sauv Blanc
rank
primary style

A

1 - same as Sem
dry blends…. some 100%

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44
Q

Muscadelle
noted characteristic
how used

A

aromatic
small % in sweet blend to boost aroma

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45
Q

Where can Alvarinho and Lilorila be planted

A

anywhere

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46
Q

Sauvignon Gris
Mutation of ?
characteristic
what does it add to blend

A

SB
musky aromatic
depth and texture

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47
Q

Merlot
adds to blend

A

flesh

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48
Q

CS
adds to blend
dom where

A

structure and ageworthy
LB

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49
Q

CF
where dom in blend
backbone of which group
add to blend
notable aroma

A

St Emillion
Cotes
flavor / structure like CS but less so
leafy, tea, veg

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50
Q

Cot
where found
fruit style
adds to blend

A

Bourg, Blaye, CDB
black
low acid, softens

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51
Q

PV
adds to blend

A

Pigment, tannin, spice

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52
Q

Carmeniere
common or rare

A

rare

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53
Q

Where can new reds be planted

A

anywhere

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54
Q

Training methods (2)

A

Taille Medocaine
Single / Double Guyot

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55
Q

What is Taille Medocaine like

A

double guyot with short cane

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56
Q

Global warm effect on fruit / tannin

A

fruiter / less harsh

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57
Q

what being done to delay bud break

A

delay winter prune

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58
Q

White wine vini

A

Stainless to barrel on lees
malo or not

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59
Q

Sweet wine vini
blend or single

A

blend

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60
Q

what is term for semi sweet
which req not needed
RS range

A

Moelleux
selective sort
1.2 to 4.5 %

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61
Q

Term for sweet
harvest reqs
Botrytis req ?
how many glasses per vine
how late can harvest be / takes how long
aromas

A

Liquoreux
handpicked by berry or partial cluster, multiple passes
not req’s but common
3
dec, 6 - 8 weeks
honey, apricot, pineapple

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62
Q

Red Prod
hand harvest req ?
how long ferment
skin macer how long
vessel entry level / hi q

A

no
8-10 days
15-21 days +
stainless / concrete
Barrel age

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63
Q

Oak trend

A

less

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64
Q

more common now Punch down / pump or rack and return

A

punch down / pump over

65
Q

Rose vs Clairet color

A

pink vs light red

66
Q

Clairet prod

A

short maceration / saignee

67
Q

Rose prod

A

v short macer, saignee, direct press

68
Q

Rose dry or sweet

A

always dry

69
Q

what are the regional AOCs
% prod

A

Bourdeaux, Bordeaux Superiore, Cremant de Bordeaux
50%

70
Q

Bordeaux AOC styles

A

dry white, red, rose, light red, semi-sweet white

71
Q

What is the largest AOC

A

Bordeaux AOC

72
Q

What is largest prod of dry white AOC

A

Bordeaux AOC, 60%

73
Q

dry white style Bordeaux AOC

A

sb or sb/sem blend

74
Q

semi-sweet Bordeaux AOC grape not allowed

75
Q

Bordeaux AOC Rose white grapes allowed ? style

A

sb / sem
dry only

76
Q

Bordeaux AOC clairet grapes allowed

A

all reds only

77
Q

Bordeaux AOC red characteristics / dom grape

A

light tannin, early drink
merlot

78
Q

What is the only DGC / located / styles

A

Haut Bernage
EDM, parallel to Garonne
dry white

79
Q

Bordeaux Superiore AOC
white req
styles
production req
release

A

70% primary grapes
red, semi-sw white
estate bottle
june 15 year after

80
Q

Cremant de Bordeaux
grapes req
rose grape req
blanc de noir grape req

A

70% primary white or red
red only
70% primary red vinified as white

81
Q

Medoc
Climate influence
soil
grapes (2)
styles
loc
largest AOCs

A

gironde and atlantic
gravel mounds on LS
CS, Merlot
dry red
triangular peninsula N of Bordeaux
Medoc AOC, Haut Medoc AOC

82
Q

Where are the most Cru Bourgeois

A

Medoc AOC and Haut Medoc AOC

83
Q

Medoc AOC
soil
dom grape
% of Medoc region prod
Loc

A

more clay and LS, some gravel
Merlot
40%
North

84
Q

Haut Medoc AOC
loc
soil
climate
how long

A

southern 2/3 of Medoc
gravel over various
many meso
36 miles

85
Q

St Estephe
soil
climate relative to others
grape ratio relative to others

A

more clay than other communes
windier / cooler
more merlot

86
Q

Paulliac
soil
dom grape
wine aroma characteristic

A

gravel
CS
dusty cocoa

87
Q

Which AOC has the most classified growths in Medoc

A

Paulliac, 17

88
Q

St Julien
soil
dom grape
wine aroma
known as “most”

A

gravel over clay marl gravel iron pan
CS
chocolate cherry
californian

89
Q

Margaux
soil
wine characteristic

A

gravel with sand subsoil. gravel varies in size
most delicate, perfumed, elegant

90
Q

what is the most southerly of the communes

91
Q

Inland RB communes
climate vs banks
soil vs banks

A

cooler
more varied

92
Q

Listrac Medoc
name attrib
soil
dom grape
wine characteristic

A

fringe, edge, vineyard meets forest
more clay and LS
merlot
heavier, denser, less fragrant, needs age

93
Q

Moulis en Medoc
soil
climate note
dom grape
wine note

A

varied top / sub, hi clay marl
less moderated due to distance from Garonne
merlot
full bodied, best with age

94
Q

Where were first vineyards

95
Q

Name Graves means

96
Q

Graves area location

A

South of city to Langon in South

97
Q

Graves region soil

A

Gravel mounds

98
Q

Graves soil at Cerons

A

gravel mixed with clay, marls, ls, sand

99
Q

Graves AOC
styles
red dom
white blend
more red or wh
white maturation vessel

A

dry wh, red
cs
sb, sem
red
oak or inert

100
Q

Graves Sup
styles
viti

A

semi sweet white 3.4% RS
botrytis or passerillage

101
Q

Pessac-Leognan
style
loc
dom grapes
soil
wine aroma note

A

dry white, red
in Graves AOC, north part
red CS, white SB SEM
deep gravel
clove

102
Q

Pessac Leognan
white maturation vessels
ageworthy?

A

oak common
yes

103
Q

Sauternais area
AOCs
styles
influence
red classified ?
min sweetness

A

Cerons, Barsac, Sauternes
sweet white only
Ceron River mist
Bord or Sup
4.5%

104
Q

Is Dry white produced in Sauternais AOCs

A

not allowed in AOCs but classified to Bord AOC

105
Q

Sauternes AOC
loc re: rivers
Soil
dom grape
notes when young
notes at age

A

LB Gironne, RB of Ceron
diverse sand gravel clay LS
Sem
apricot honey pineapple almond
dried apri, pineapple, nuts, spice

106
Q

How are dry whites in Sauternes branded

A

with first letter of Chateau name

107
Q

Barsac
loc re rivers
soil / topography
wine aroma note
labeling option

A

LB Ceron, LB Garonne, N of Sauternes
clay, LS Plateau
Lemony freshness from LS
as Sauternes

108
Q

Which AOC vineyards are bordered by low stone walls

109
Q

Cerons
soil vs others
yield vs others
dry red / white classify as ?
semi-sw classify as ?

A

higher gravel
higher
Graves AOC
Graves sup

110
Q

Why can Ceros AOC dry and semi label as Graves AOC / Sup

A

due to higher gravel content in soil

111
Q

EDM region
soil river flank
soil hillside / plateau
soil slopes
dom grape
dom AOC style / classification
red blends grapes / classification

A

Alluvial
composite clay / sand, LS
some pure gravel
SB
dry / sw white
merlot, cs, cf / bordeaux aoc

112
Q

EDM AOC
style
% prod dry white in Bordeaux
Loc
assemblage req
DGC is ? style alllowed ?

A

dry white
25%
all of EDM
blend only
Haut Bernauge
dry white

113
Q

3 EDM sweet only AOCs along Garonne
styles
which is sweetest
climate compared to Sauternais

A

Cadillac
Lupiac
Saint-Croix-du-Mont
sweet white
Cadillac
similar but less mist

114
Q

What is most prestigious EDM sweet ? why ?

A

Saint-Croix
higher gravel

115
Q

3 EDM AOC making sweet and others?

A

Graves de Vayres
Premieres Cotes de Bordeaux
Cote de Bordeaux Sant macaire

116
Q

Graves de Vayres
styles
name attrib
loc re River
prod red vs white
grapes in white blends

A

dry red, wh, semi-sweet white
gravel beds deposited by Isle river
opposite Isle as it empties in Dordogne
red
sb, sem, merlot blanc

117
Q

Libournais region
grapes
how many red AOCs
grape no allowed in Pomerol

A

merlot, cf dom plus cs, pv, cot, carmeniere
10
carmeniere

118
Q

which 4 Libournais closest to Isle

A

Fronsac
Canon Fronsac
Pomerol
Lalonde de Pomerol

119
Q

Fronsac / Canon Fronsac
loc re: Isle
Canon loc
soil (2)
Dom reds
wine style

A

RB
inside Fronsac on Dordogne
clay, ls
merlot, cf
red fruit, black pepper

120
Q

Pomerol / lalande - de- Pomerol
Soil
dom grapes
Pomerol style
LaLande style

A

Iron rich
merlot, cf
soft velvety round
less aromatic, less structured, bright fruit

120
Q

what AOCs are on the RB of the isle

A

Fronsac, Canon-Fronsac

120
Q

St Emilion
how many AOC
how many in same zone ? which ?
satellites

A

6
2. St Em, St Em GC
4

121
Q

St Emilion Grand Cru
bottling req
unique prod process
prod ratio of AOC

A

at estate
2 tastings before and after mandatory 1 age
3x

122
Q

St Em / St Em GC
soil
different islands / where ?
flavor profiles by soil

A

LS, Clay / pockets of sand at river
pomerol style, chateau Figeac, Cheval Blanc
Ls - hi acid, polished tannin
sand - fruit forward
Pom - velvet tannin, walnut ,prune

123
Q

The Cotes
name means
loc
aspects
soil
dom reds

A

coast / slope
slopes to rivers / estuary. mostly RB
SW
clay, ls dom
merlot, cf

124
Q

Cotes de Bordeaux
style
grape sourcing allowed

A

red only
all 5 DGC

125
Q

Blaye C-D-B
styles
more wh or red?
% prod dry wh in Bordeaux
dom red

A

dry wh, red
white
3%
merlot

126
Q

Cadillac C-D-B
styles
Loc
dom grape
soils

A

red only
RB Garonne
Merlot
Clay, LS, pockets of GRAVEL

127
Q

Castillon CDB
styles
Loc
soil
dom grape, % of blend

A

red
RB Dordogne, East of St Emillion
clay, ls
merlot, 70-80% typical

128
Q

Francs CDB
styles
Loc
rank prod per style
soil
dom grapes

A

dry wh, red, sw white
N of Castillon
red, small dry, smaller sw white
LS dom
merlot and CF

129
Q

Saint Foy CDB
style
loc
aspects
dom prod

A

dry wh, red, semi-sw white, sw white
LB Dordogne
East
red

130
Q

Which AOCs are in the Cotes but not part of CDB

A

Blaye and Bourg

131
Q

Which CDB DGCs are red only

A

Cadillac Castillon

132
Q

Which CD DGCs make sweet white

A

Francs Saint Foy

133
Q

Blaye AOC
styles
soil
dom grape
blend req

A

red
clay, LS, sandy gravel
merlot
at least 50% merlot, cf, and or cf

134
Q

Bourg / Cotes de Bourg. Bourgeois AOC
styles
dom grape
dom white

A

dry wh, red
merlot
sb

135
Q

What event initiated the 1855 classification

A

Universal exhibition added wine
Napoleon III

136
Q

number of chateau in original ranking
how many medoc
graves
sauternes / barsac

137
Q

how many sweet cats in 1855 rank
names ?
what chat in top rank

A

3
prem cru sup
prem cru
duxieme cru

138
Q

how many chat added during exhibition of 1855

A

1
Cantemerle in Medoc (61)

139
Q

when / what first growth changed ?

A

1973 Chat Mouton Roths promoted

140
Q

what are the first growths of 1855

A

La Tour
Margeaux
Lafite Roths
Mouton Roths
Haut Brion

141
Q

Which Chat the original 1855 class no longer exists

142
Q

Cru Bourgeois
region
Year / number of first estates
Year / number estates in first ratification
Year rescinded first ratify
year first cru list published / vintage
year classification passed / vintage

A

Medoc
1932 / 444
2003 / 247
2007
2010 / 2008
2020 / 2018

143
Q

Cru Bourgeois
levels
how many ranked
how often reviewed

A

Exceptionels, Sup, Cru Bourgeois
249
5

144
Q

Cru Artisan
region
wine style
Acreage limits
prod reqs
number in ranking

A

Medoc
red
2.5 to 12.5
vineyard to bottle on estate
36

145
Q

Graves Classification
year / year revised
rank wine or estate
how many properties
how many red only / white only / both
loc in Graves
Label term

A

1953 / 1959
16
7 / 3 / 6
Pessac Leo
Grand Cru Classe de Graves or Cru Classes de Graves

146
Q

which classification rates wine not estate

147
Q

St Emillion Classiifcation
year / when revise / number of estates
grading factors (4)
levels

A

1955 /10 yrs / 82
quality of winery
quality of wine
standing in marketplace
hospitality for visitors
3
4 St Em GC Classe A
14 Classe B
64 GC Classe

148
Q

what are the St Emillion GC Classe A

A

Ausone
Cheval Blanc
Angelus
Pavie

149
Q

Who is responsible for the appellation system

150
Q

who is responsible for the pricing tiers

A

Napoleon III

151
Q

who ranked the 1982 vintage to make famous

152
Q

rank in AOC in France

153
Q

rank in % of large estates

154
Q

Who married to create linkage to England

A

Aquitaine to Plantaganet

155
Q

Who encouraged 2nd label creations

MyFWS (11 decks)

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