Logical Fallacies II Flashcards
red herring
- an argument that focuses on an irrelevant issue to detract attention from the real issue
- e.g. person 1: you need to come and help with the chores. person 2: i do work so much harder than you
non-disproof
- an argument that a certain claim should be accepted because it has never been disproved
- e.g. no one has been able to prove that this war is ineffective. therefore, this war is effective
ad hominem
- an attack on the person proposing an argument rather than on the argument itself
- e.g. person 1: your health care bill has cost American’s millions in taxes. person 2: you’re so rich you can afford all the healthcare you need. it’s no wonder you don’t care about those who can’t
slippery slope
- an argument which claims that allowing one thing will cause other negative events to occur
- e.g. if you cut health care budgets, millions of Americans will suffer, or even die
false authority
- an argument present by a person who is an authority but not on the subject at hand
- e.g. im dr.hall of the international institute of health, and when i vacation, i always use my easy card to get luxury at a discount
appeal to fear
- an argument that uses the fear of a threat or consequence to persuade instead of reasoning
- e.g. if you don’t get your body in shape before you turn thirty, you never will
straw man
- a distortion of an opponent’s argument
- e.g. person 1: meat is not necessarily unhealthy to eat. in fact, consuming lean meat has many benefits. person 2: so, you want to murder innocent animals so that you can get some “benefits”!
What type of logical fallacy is shown here?
It has never been proven that aliens do not exist, therefore, it is not unlikely that they do
non-disproof
What type of logical fallacy is shown here?
If citizens are allowed to carry guns, crime rates will skyrocket
slippery slope
What type of logical fallacy is shown here?
person 1: it is important that we take care of the poor in our city
person 2: there are countries in much deeper distress than our city has ever been
red herring
What type of logical fallacy is shown here?
With all due respect, Drake, I think the Board of Directors is looking for valid concerns, not the concerns of a long-time alcoholic
ad hominem
What type of logical fallacy is shown here?
person A: it is important that all children be immunized on at least a basic level
Person B: why do you want to rob a mother of the right she has to decide if she wants her child to be stabbed by a needle?
straw man
What type of logical fallacy is shown here?
Consuming too much food will make you grossly overweight, so only eat 1/2 cup of vegetables at each meal
appeal to fear
What type of logical fallacy is shown here?
“i’m ton altair from st. louis rams, and when it comes to car insurance, I only but the ‘safe car’ package from 2insur.com
false authority
What type of logical fallacy is shown here?
I would respond to my opponent’s argument, but he is an idiot so it’s not necessary to counter
ad hominem
