Locomotor system Flashcards
5 main components of the musculoskeletal system:
bones
skeletal muscles
joints
cartilage
tendons
No. of baby and adult bones:
born with 300
left with 206
baby bones are not all fully fused
5 main bone functions
1) movement - skeletal muscles aids bones to aid movement
2) support - anchors muscles
3) protection - encloses internal organs
4) mineral storage - reservoir for ca2+ and Po43-, hormonal changes result in their release or storage
5) blood cell formation - bone marrow can produce platelets, WBC + RBC
2 types of bones based on the tissue it contains:
compact (dense)
spongy (lacy +delicate)
5 types of bones based on the shape:
long - femur
short - carpals
irregular - vertebrae
flat - cranial/ sternum
sesamoid - patella
Axial Skelton includes? (3)
skull bones
vertebrae - 24
rib cage - 12 Pairs
rib cage pairs are split into?
1-7 = true
8-10 = false
11+12 = floating
The appendicular Skelton includes?
limbs - which are primarily long bones contain bone marrow.
(RBC made in the sternum and hip bone)
other than the axial and appendicular skeleton we have …
tendons and ligaments
skeletal muscles are? (5)
striated
voluntary
multi nucleated
contains all 4 types of tissue
arranged in bundles (fascicles)
how do skeletal muscles contribute?
maintain homeostasis by:
generating heat
muscle contraction require ATP energy
(why we shiver in the cold)
Two other types of muscle than skeletal?
smooth and cardiac
Smooth muscle? (4)
involuntary
single nucleus
no striations
found in blood vessels/ digestive tract hollow organs etc.
cardiac muscle? (3)
involuntary
single nucleus
found in heart to pump blood
tendons + ligaments?
T - connect muscle to bone
L - joints to bones
