Levels of organisation Flashcards
Atoms are…
the smallest biological, structural and functional unit of living organisms.
cells to human
cells aggregate to tissue
tissue to organ
organ system
Eukaryotic cell elements
Nucleus - nucleolus, nuclear envelope, chromatin
mitochondria
ribosomes
rough ER
smooth ER
Golgi apparatus + vesicles
excretory vesicles
cytoplasm
plasma membrane
lysosome
Plants: cell walls, vacuole
Tissue is
A group of cells with a similar structure and common function. The types of tissue are epithelial tissue, muscle tissue, connective tissue and nervous tissue.
Epithelial tissue is…
tissue that covers the body surfaces and line body cavities. the tissue re held together by gap junctions, tight junctions (desmosomes) and adhering junctions.
Muscle tissue…
is to aid movement. 3 main types of muscle tissue are smooth muscle, cardiac and skeletal.
Connective tissue…
supports and protect body’s tissues and organs. This includes specialised CT such as adipose tissue (fat), blood and bone. Fibrous tissue such as loose and dense CT found in tendons and ligaments is also included.
Nervous tissue…
consists of neurons that transmit electrical impulses in the form of action potential for rapid internal communication.
An organ…
is a structure with 2 or more types of specialised tissue that work together to perform a specific set of functions. Examples
An organ system…
is many organs working together to accomplish a common purpose. Example.
Epithelium is
a thin continuous layer of cells
Gap junction is
a channel that connects cytoplasms of neighbouring cells
Tight junctions is
a strand of protein that stops leaks between cells by forming a gasket like seal.
(Demosomes)
Adhering junction
a weld like junction between cells to keep them together.
Tendons
joins muscle to bone
