Locomotion Flashcards
what does the skeletal system provide?
our basic shape
support for body
protect vital organs
allows muscle system to produce movement
what are the 2 functional parts of the skeletal system?
axial skeleton
appendicular skeleton
what is part of the axial skeleton?
head
neck
trunk
what is part of the appendicular skeleton?
limbs
pectoral and pelvic girdle
where is the axial skeleton?
down the middle of the body
where is the appendicular skeleton?
at the sides of the body
what do costal cartilages do?
link thoracic cavities
what is articular cartilage?
joining cartilage to ensure ends of bone don’t rub off each other (prevents friction)
what does it mean that cartilage is avascular?
doesn’t have its own direct blood supply
give some characteristics of cartilage?
resilient, semirigid
connective tissue
flexible
what does bone store?
calcium
what does bone provide?
support
protection
mechanical basis
storage
what are the 2 types of bone?
compact
spongey
what does a bone marrow biopsy do?
get new red blood cells from red marrow
what do neutrophils do?
engulf pathogens
what is an advantage of compact bone?
strength for weight bearing
where is compact bone found?
middle of the shaft
what are elevations in long bones?
ridges, crests and tubules
what shape are long bones? give examples?
tubular
upper and lower limbs
what shape are short bones? give examples?
cuboidal
tarsus and carpus
what are irregular bones? give examples.
bones that dont fit into any category
eg. facial bones
what is the diaphysis of a bone?
shaft
what is the epiphysis of a bone?
ends of long bone
what is the metaphysis of a bone?
areas of growth between diaphysis and epiphysis
where is articular cartilage found on a bone?
top and bottom
what is the periosteum of a bone?
outer aspect
what is attached at bone markings?
tendons, ligaments, fascia
what lies adjacent to bone markings?
arteries
what is the condyle of bone?
a rounded protuberance at the end of some bones, forming an articulation with another bone.
what is capitulum of bone?
capitulum of the humerus is a smooth, rounded eminence on the lateral portion of the distal articular surface of the humerus
what is the iliac crest?
iliac crest is the ilium’s top border, the largest of the three bones that make up the pelvis
what is the epicondyle?
any of several prominences on the distal part of a long bone serving for the attachment of muscles and ligaments
what is the facet joints?
facet joints are situated between the pedicle and lamina of the same vertebra and form the articular pillars that act to provide structural stability to the vertebral column as a whole
what is the foramen at base of skull?
foramen caecum
where is the median plane?
right down the middle
eg. body, hand or foot
where is the traverse plane?
halfway down the body
where is the sagittal plane?
perpendicular to the median
what muscles are active while standing at ease?
few back and lower limb muscles
what is the most stable joints?
hip and knee joints
