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Anesthesia Drug Test Quick Facts > locals > Flashcards

locals Flashcards

1
Q

Chloroprocaine
Max toxic dose
dose without EPI

A

800

12 mg/kg x 70 = 840

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2
Q

Chloroprocaine
max toxic dose
WITH EPI

A

1000

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3
Q

Prilocaine
Max toxic dose
WITHOUT EPI

A

600

8 mg/kg x 70= 560

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4
Q

Prilocaine
max toxic dose
with epi

A

no epi added

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5
Q

procaine

max dose without epi

A

12 mg/kg

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6
Q

procaine
max dose
WITH EPI

A

600

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7
Q

mepivicaine
max dose
without EPI

A

4.5 mg/kg

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8
Q

mepivicaine
max dose
with epi

A

7 mg/kg

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9
Q

lidocaine
max dose
without epi

A

4.5 mg/kg

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10
Q

lidocaine
max dose
with epi

A

7 mg/kg

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11
Q

bupivicaine
max dose
with out dpi

A

3 mg / kg

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12
Q

ropivacaine
max dose
with out epi

A

3 mg/kg

no epi added

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13
Q

cocaine
max dose
without dpi

A

3 mg/kg

no epi added

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14
Q

duration of action of benzocaine

A

0.5-1 hr

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15
Q

DOA of chloroprocaine

A

0.5-1 hr

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16
Q

DOA of cocaine

A

0.5-1 hr

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17
Q

DOA of procaine

A

0.5-1 hr

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18
Q

DOA of tetracaine

A

1.5-6 hr

no dpi added

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19
Q

DOA of bupivacaine

A

1.5-8 hr

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20
Q

DOA of lidocaine

A

0.75-2 hr

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21
Q

DOA of mepivacaine

A

1-2 hr

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22
Q

DOA of prilocaine

A

0.5-1 hr

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23
Q

DOA of ropivacaine

A

1.5-8 hr

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24
Q

which Locals are esters?

A 
Benzocaine
Chloroprocaine
Cocaine
Procaine
tetracaine
1 I in ESTERS
25
Q

Which Locals are Amides?

A 
Bupivacaine
Lidocaine
Mepivacaine
Prilocaine
Ropivacaine
26
Q

which form of local anesthetic diffuses across the membrane?

A

non ionized form

27
Q

where does the non ionized for attach in local anesthetics in the nerve sheath?

A

inside the sodium channel and locks it shut

28
Q

which state is the Na channel locked in by local anesthetics

A

inactivated

29
Q

where are voltage gated sodium channels located?

A

only on the nerve’s axon

30
Q

where does the ionized form of the local anesthetic bind?

A

to the receptors on the sodium channels when the channel is in the inactivated state

31
Q

onset of procaine

A

slow

32
Q

onset of tetracaine

A

slow

33
Q

onset of bupivacaine

A

moderate

34
Q

onset of ropivacaine

A

slow

35
Q

onset of chloroprocaine

A

fast

36
Q

onset of lidocaine

A

fast

37
Q

onset of etidocaine

A

fast

38
Q

onset of mepivacaine

A

fast

39
Q

which form of a local anesthetic is active?

A

the non-ionized form

40
Q

at pH - 7.4 what pKa has a more rapid onset? 7.6 or 8.6

A

Mepivicaine pKa = 7.6 FAST
Tetracaine pKa = 8.6 SLOW
agents with lower pKas are more non-ionized at pH 7.4 the non-ionized form of the drug penetrates the lipid bilayer of the nerve axon membrane

41
Q

a alpha function

A

motor

42
Q

a delta function

A

fast pain

43
Q

B fibers function

A

ANS function

44
Q

C fibers function

A

slow pain

45
Q

a alpha location

A

efferent to muscles

46
Q

b fibers location

A

preganglionic SNS

47
Q

c fibers location

A

post-ganglionic SNS

afferent sensory

48
Q

a delta location

A

afferent sensory

49
Q

local anesthetics inhibit the peripheral nerves in the following:

A

B fibers > C fibers >Small diameter A fibers > large diameters A fibers

50
Q

where do local anesthetics bind

A

the inside alpha subunit on the Na channel

51
Q

what regulates membrane potential?

A

K

52
Q

what regulates threshold potentialC

A

Ca

53
Q

are locals acids or bases

A

weak bases

54
Q

how are locals prepared

A

as hydrochloride salts

55
Q

which part of the local anesthetics crosses the nerve sheath

A

the unionized portion

56
Q

which part of the local anesthetic is active

A

the ionized portion after the unionized has crossed the nerve

57
Q

onset of action is associated with

A

pKa

58
Q

potency is associated with

A

lipid soluble

59
Q

duration of action is associated with

A

protien binding

Anesthesia Drug Test Quick Facts (19 decks)

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