Localisation of function in the brain (Part 1) Flashcards
What areas make up the Central Nervous System?
Brain and Spinal Cord
What is the CNS’s functions?
receives sensory info from the Peripheral Nervous system, processes and responds with motor info back to PNS
What parts of the body make up the Peripheral Nervous System?
Muscles, organs and glands + all other nerves
What is the role of the PNS
Sends sensory infor to CNS and receives motor info from CNS
What are the different types of peripheral nervous systems? What are their differences?
1.Autonomic nervous system (involuntary or ‘auto’matic )
2.Somatic nervous system (voluntary movement)
What are the two types of Autonomic nervous systems and their functions?
- Sympathetic NS: F,F,F response, prepares for actions (increased heartbeat and blood pressure)
- Parasympathetic NS: Calms us down, regulates homeostasis (slows heartbeat)
What are the 3 divisions of the brain?
Forebrain, Midbrain, Hindbrain
What is the forebrain responsible for?
The cerebral cortex is responsible for higher-order thinking and decision making
What is the midbrain responsible for?
Visual and auditory processing
What is the hindbrain responsible for?
Survival functions
What are the 4 lobes of the cerebral cortex
Frontal, Parietal, Occipital and Temporal
What are the 2 hemispheres responsible for?
Left = language and logic, controls right side of body
Right = creativity and imagination, controls left side of body
What is frontal lobe responsible for?
Personality, facial recognition, speech, emotion, sensation, movement
What is parietal lobe responsible for?
Sensation: touch, temp, pressure
What is occipital lobe responsible for?
visual info
What is temporal lobe responsible for?
processing and receiving auditory information and facial recognition
What is temporal lobe responsible for?
processing and receiving auditory information and facial recognition
What is the name of the nerve bundle connecting the two hemispheres of the brain?
Corpus Callosum
What area of the brain is responsible for production and pronunciation?
Broca’s Area
- What is the name given when Broca’s Area is damaged? 2. What are the symptoms?
- Broca’s aphasia
- Can’t articulate speech, the production of speech is effected and the individuals has trouble understanding speech
Where is Broca’s Area located?
Frontal lobe (left)
Where is Wernicke’s Area located?
Temporal lobe (left)
What is Wernicke’s Area responsible for?
Speech comprehension/ understanding and producing meaningful speech
What happens when Wernicke’s aphasia occurs?
individuals have trouble finding the words to describe something and understanding speech becomes difficult
- Where is Gershwin’s Territory located? 2. What is its purpose?
- Parietal lobe
- connects Broca’s and Wernicke’s Areas
*It is significant for speech development
What is the Basal Ganglia responsible for?
- Regulates and initiates motor movements
- Receives info from PMC, processes it, and sends it back to PMC
Where is the Basal Ganglia located?
Forebrain
What is the Primary Motor Cortex’s responsibility?
- Voluntary movement
- the top is responsible for the bottom of your body and vise vera
Where is the Primary Motor Cortex Located?
The back of the frontal lobe (where headphones would sit)
What is the Cerebellum (little brain) used for in relation to PMC?
Co-ordinating “fluid” movement and balance
What is the Limbic System?
Parts of the brain associated with emotion and made up of the amygdala and hippocampus + prefrontal cortex
What does the limbic system control?
Primitive emotional response, learning from memories of experiences
How does the Amygdala contribute to the Limbic System?
- Triggers emotional memories
- Senses threat
- Rprefronetains emotional moments associated with our current response
How does the prefrontal cortex contribute to the Limbic system?
While amygdala may produce complex behavior’s, thinking and emotion, the prefrontal cortex regulates it
