Local Area Networking Flashcards
LAN
Give Computer IP address
Give it a subnet mask
Give it a default gateway
To get onto the internet
LAN
Formed basis for the internet
ARPANET
LAN
Adopted as protocol for ARPANET - the internet
TCP/IP
LAN
Four octet addresses separated by dots. 0-255
IP Addresses
LAN
Address scheme for locations and sublocations
Classful
LAN
On windows
Network and Sharing Center
LAN
Class A
1 Octopus
6.0.0.0
LAN
Class B
2 Octopi
11.12.0.0
LAN
Class C
TiTDaNTiMS
11.12.13.0
LAN
Use for setting up network information on windows
Network and Sharing Center
LAN
Set IP address, subnet mask and gate way in Network and Sharing Center -
Ethernet Properties
LAN
A manual setting in Network and Sharing Center - Ethernet Properties is
Static IP address
LAN
1.0.0.0 - 126.0.0.0
Class A
LAN
128.x.0.0 - 191.x.0.0
09
Class B
LAN
192.x.x.0 - 223.x.x.0
Charlie
Class C
LAN
224.X.X.X
Class D
Multicast
LAN
240.X.X.X
Class E
Reserved
LAN
PRIVATE IP - Class A
10.X.X.X
LAN
PRIVATE IP - Class B
ToKeN - DiSH - ToKeN - MuD
172.16 - 172.31
LAN
PRIVATE IP - Class C
192.168.X.X
LAN
Loopback
127.0.0.1
LAN
Saves IP addresses
Network Address Translation
NAT
LAN
With NAT, internal networks use private IP addresses
Share a public address
LAN
NAT-enabled by default
Gateway routers
LAN
Networks that use NAT are
Invisible to the public Internet
LAN
169.254.X.X
BRAVO
APIPA - Class B
This indicates a DHCP problem
LAN
Automatically assigns IP information to hosts
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)
LAN
DHCP servers for internet LANs
Gateway routers
LAN
If a DHCP client can not find a DHCP server it will use an
APIPA address
LAN
Use this command to force a new connection to the DHCP server
ipconfig/renew
LAN
4 Billion Addresses
IPv4
LAN
IPv6 - Egress Only
8 groups separated by 7 colons
LAN
Nomenclature for IPv6 in writing
Drop leading zeros and 1s
LAN
Use 128-bit addressing scheme
IPv6 addresses
LAN
IPv6 addresses use
Hexadecimal Notation
LAN
IPv6 addresses used for local connections
Link-local
LAN
IPv6 addresses used to connect to the internet
Global unicast
LAN
Port 21
919
FTP
LAN
Port 23
NashMyTalent
SSH / TELNET
LAN
Port 25
SMTP
LAN
Port 53
DNS
LAN
Port 80
ChTiTaP
HTTP
LAN
Port 110
909M
POP3
LAN
Ports. 161/162
SinMap
SNMP
LAN
Port 143
i3a9
IMAP
LAN
Port 443
HTTPS
Encrypted Web Page
LAN
Port 3389
Mumviperdip
RDP
LAN
Ports 137 - 139
NETB T / Ios
NETBIOS/NETBT
LAN
Port 445
SMB/CIFS
LAN
Port 427
RiNK SLaP
SLP
LAN
Port 548
a 8 9
AFP
LAN
Ports 67/68
DuchessPrincess
DHCP
LAN
Port 389
MVF
MUDFLAP
LDAP
LAN
While IP addresses get you to the right computer, Port numbers get you to the correct
Application
LAN
Ports have a source
and destination
LAN
On windows this application shows connections on the system
Resource Monitor
LAN
Connection oriented and sends multiple packets
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
LAN
Connectionless and also sends multiple packets
User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
LAN
Connectionless and always sends a single packet
Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)
An example is the PING command
LAN
Packets are organized by
Protocol Data Units
PDUs
LAN
Resolves full-qualified domain names (FQDN)
Domain Name Server
DNS
LAN
DNS replaced these type of files
Host files
LAN
DNS uses hierarchical organization to resolve
FQDNs to IP addresses
LAN
DNS servers are a part of
All Internet-connected hosts.
LAN
Use the following command line tool to see all of the system’s DNS servers
ipconfig /all
LAN
You can statically configure DNS and
still use DHCP for IP addressing
LAN
If your DNS is down there is an
Alternate PUBLIC DNS server that you can use
LAN
Command line tool to verify if DNS server is running
nslookup
LAN
Designed for LANs
Windows Naming
LAN
You give a computer a Windows name
When you install Windows
LAN
All Windows systems will be a member of a
domain
–or–
workgroup
LAN
More secure and automated - organizational workgroup
Homegroup
LAN
Filter and forward traffic based on IP addresses
Routers
LAN
Determines where to filter or forward IP packets
Routing Table
LAN
Routing tables have a default one that sends all data unless otherwise specified
Gateway
LAN
A router that is far more than just a router
SOHO
LAN
Web connections and console ports
Different connections that routers use.
LAN
Configure both of these connections on your router
WAN
–and–
LAN
LAN
Avoid this for basic configurations
Default Settings
IP, SSID, password, etc
LAN
DO not make this too large
DHCP pool
LAN
Set aside IP addresses in the DHCP pool
DHCP reservations
LAN
Gives control on network bandwidth with many different criteria
Quality of Service (QoS)
LAN
Link Lay Discovery Protocol (LLDP)
–and–
Universal Plug and Play (uPnP)
Help with network device identification
LAN
Enables querying of network devices
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)
LAN
Enable network segmentation without adding hardware
VLANs
LAN
How to configure VLAN-capable switches
via IP address and Web browser
LAN
For managing VLANs use
WAYUPANDHIGH
Firmware interface
LAN
Firmware interface also enables features such as
Port Security
LAN
No Connectivity
Are you physically connected.
IP address - conflicts for non DHCP clients
LAN
Limited Connectivity
DHCP
APPIPA - if problem with DHCP
LAN
Intermittent Connectivity
Interference problems
LAN
Unavailable resources
Try ping
LAN
Slow Transfer speeds
Look at task manager.
Take out processes that are not needed or are hogging,.
LAN
Can create network problems
External interfaces
LAN - Quiz
A class A IP has how many locked octets
One
LAN - Quiz
What does 255 mean in a subnet mask
Every octet masked with 255 is part of the network address
LAN - Quiz
Have a public IP address on their WAN interface and a private IP address on their LAN interface.
NAT routers
LAN - Quiz
How many bits are in an IPv6 address
DoNoW
128 bits
LAN - Quiz
Uses port 445
SuMBrero
SMB
LAN - Quiz
Uses port 443
TiTPuSy
HTTPS
LAN - Quiz
Uses port 143
i3D9
IMAP
LAN - Quiz
Uses port 427
Slip on RoaDKill
SLP
