Local Anesthesia, General Anesthesia

Question 1

List the common local anesthetic drugs

Answer 1

Lidocaine hydrochloride & Bupivicaine hydrochloride

Question 2

What are the benefits of local anesthetic drugs?

Answer 2

They provide excellent pain control by removing of sensation from the affected area
They increase the safety of general anesthesia by reducing the amount of drug required to keep the patient anesthetized
For the same reason, they reduce the cost of anesthesia

Question 3

What are the drawbacks of local anesthetic drugs?

Answer 3

-They sting unless buffered
-Fatal toxicity and overdoses are possible
-The patient can damage the affected area due to loss of sensation and a phenomenon called paresthesia
Some uses required detailed anatomical knowledge

Question 4

What are the different types of local anesthetic blocks administered to veterinary patients?

Answer 4

Infiltration, nerve blocks, regional blocks, epidural and topical application.

Question 5

List the stages involved in general anesthesia

Answer 5

Drugs administered at home
Premedication
Induction
Maintenance
Recovery

Question 6

Define premedication

Answer 6

The administration of sedative, pain control and antianxiety drugs before induction drugs are given to aid in rendering the patient unconscious

Question 7

Define induction of anesthesia

Answer 7

The administration of drugs to render the patient unconscious.

Question 8

Define maintenance of anesthesia

Answer 8

The administration of drugs to keep the patient unconscious

Question 9

List common drugs used at home prior to anesthesia

Answer 9

Gabapentin and Tramadol

Question 10

List common drugs used for premedication

Answer 10

Dexmedetomidine, acepromazine and midazolam

Question 11

List common drugs used to induce anesthesia

Answer 11

Alfaxalone
Propofol
Ketamine + Valium

Question 12

List the common inhalant drugs used to maintain anesthesia in veterinary patients

Answer 12

Isoflurane and Sevoflurane