LO2 Respiratory System

Question 1

What is the trachea

Answer 1

Has muscular structure which allows movement in the neck
Connects larynx to bronchi
Transports air to lungs
Right of cartilage to protect trachea and keeps it open

Question 2

What is the cartilage

Answer 2

Keeps structure
Enhances bone residence
Resist compressive forces

Question 3

What is the bronchus

Answer 3

Carry’s air to and from lungs
Helps moisture air that is breathed

Question 4

What is the pleural membrane

Answer 4

Makes our lungs tight
Reduces any fracture between lungs and ribs

Question 5

What is the bronchihole

Answer 5

Carry’s air to small air sacs such as avoleolus

Question 6

What feature is flat when inhaling

Answer 6

Diaphragm shape

Question 7

What feature is dome when exhaling

Answer 7

Diaphragm

Question 8

What feature is in and out when inhaling and exhaling

Answer 8

Ribs

Question 9

What features are contracted when inhaling

Answer 9

Diaphragm muscle and rib muscles

Question 10

What features are relaxed when exhaling

Answer 10

Rib muscle and diaphragm muscles

Question 11

What feature is inflated when inhaling

Answer 11

Lungs

Question 12

What feature is deflated when exhaling

Answer 12

Lungs

Question 13

What is the alveolus

Answer 13

Air sacs in lungs and are covered in tiny blood vessels
Bigger surface more oxygen
Have a moist lining

Question 14

What’s happens inside the alveolus

Answer 14

Oxygen dissolved into small moist lining into hyberglobin red cells
Oxygen is higher concentration in alveolus than capillary
And is opposite for CO2

Question 15

What does the alveolus moist lining do

Answer 15

Stops the alveolus from dying and cracking and lubricant to inside air sac

Question 16

What is ATP (adenosine triphosphate)

Answer 16

|Adenosine|——/RIBOSE\——(P)—(P)-(P)
P molecular spilt releases energy (ATP)
Glucose is the starting energy.
ATP lasts 10 seconds
3 systems; glycolysis, kerbs cycle, electron transport chain

Question 17

What are the three energy systems
(Aerobic respiration)

Answer 17

|GLYCOLYSIS|-> |KREBS CYCLE|->| ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN|

Question 18

What is glycolysis and how does it move on to kerbs cycle

Answer 18

Fastest of the three
Made from glucose
——
Move on using pyruvate and NADH

Question 19

What is the kerbs cycle and how does it move to electron transport chain

Answer 19

Needs oxygen
Made of proteins and oxygen
——
Moves on using NADH

Question 20

What is the electron transport chain

Answer 20

Does the effectively the most
Made using oxgyen

Question 21

What is lactic acid and how does it go from glycolysis

Answer 21

Bad for cells
And used pyrvcate and NADH
——
Krebs cycle and electron transport cycle need oxygen if no oxygen glycolysis goes to lactic acid

Question 22

What is anerobic respiration

Answer 22

Glucose running
Without oxygen
Forced to stop due to lactic acid building
Unsustainable

Question 23

What is the role of glucose

Answer 23

To provide body with energy

Question 24

What is the role of oxygen

Answer 24

Allows body to work (cells)

Question 25

What is the function of ATP

Answer 25

allows Body to have energy without glucose

Question 26

Why is lactic acid bad

Answer 26

NADH and pyruvate wasted and more lactic addicted is produced

Question 27

How is carbon dioxide produced

Answer 27

Reactions react and produce the products of CO2 in anaerobic

Question 28

What are the symptoms of asthma

Answer 28

Whistling sounds when breathing Breathlessness Tight chest Coughing

Question 29

What are the causes of asthma

Answer 29

Genetics Smoking Obesity

Question 30

How to treat asthma

Answer 30

Reliever inhaler- quicker Preventer inhaler- prevent symptoms Medication

Question 31

How to diagnose asthma

Answer 31

Spirgmirtry - blow into a machine which measures how fast you can breath in and out and see how much oxygen your lungs can hold

Question 32

Symptoms of emphysema

Answer 32

Breathlessness with exercise Susceptibility to chest infections Fatigue Coughing with phlegm

Question 33

Causes of emphysema

Answer 33

Smoking Exposure to dust or industrial pollutants

Question 34

Diagnosing of emphysema

Answer 34

Spirometry- blow into a machine and measure how fast you can breathe in and you and how much oxygen your lungs can hold

Question 35

Treatment to emphysema

Answer 35

Stop smoking asap Avoid air pollutants Oxygen treatments Medications

Question 36

Symptoms of cystic fibrosis

Answer 36

Coughing up phlegm Lung infections Fatigue Shortness of breath

Question 37

Causes of cystic fibrosis

Answer 37

A faulty gene that is inherited from both parents

Question 38

Diagnosing of cystic fibrosis

Answer 38

Sweat test- how much salt Genetic tests

Question 39

Treatment to cystic fibrosis

Answer 39

Medication to thin mucus in lungs Anti biotics to prevent chest unfections