LL special tests

Question 1

FADDIR test

Answer 1

for labral tear (hip impingement)
patient in supine, 90° hip flexion, passively adduct and IR-
+ve if pain
0.95-0.96

Question 2

Thomas test

Answer 2

supine lying, end of coach (heads hanging off the end of bed), pull knee to chest and lay back, relax opposite other leg over the end of bed
+ve extended leg lifting up (can measure knee angle as reference), if leg abducts is a sign of tight ITB

Question 3

how to differentiate with thomas test

Answer 3

if you extend knee and pain go’s= rec fem, if into abduction= TFL, if pain stays= iliopsoas and pectineus

Question 4

FADER/FADER-R

Answer 4

test for gluteal tendinopathy (GTPS), supine lying, flex hip 90°, adduct hip and ER to end of range , patient performs isometric IR against resistance positive test= pain on lateral hip (on greater trochanter)
sensitivity- 44%, specificity- 93%

Question 5

obers test

Answer 5

tests ITB/TFL for contracture/shortening, fix the pelvis and extend the knee, abduct hip and ext allow to drop down- pull leg behind other leg
patient in side lying
+ve test= leg stays in air and does not fall down or pain

Question 6

Trendelenburg sign

Answer 6

hip abductor weakness and instability- test inability to maintain pelvic position
patient stands on one leg pelvis should tise a little, if standing leg drops then its a positive test= weak hip adductor, pain shown with G tendinopathy shown when standing on 1 leg for a period of time

Question 7

McMurrys test

Answer 7

test meniscus, supine lying, flex knee fully passively, laterally rotated tibia and extend knee to 90°, medially rotated tibia and repeat
+ve= click/ pop/ pain
diagnostic accurate- 63%

Question 8

how can you also test meniscus

Answer 8

deep squat and then duck walk

Question 9

Thessaly test

Answer 9

tests meniscal legion, patient stad on injured leg which is flexed to 20°, then rotate over tibia 3 times on each side, positive= pain in joint line during rotation
sensitivity- 64%, specificity- 57%
not accurate

Question 10

Apleys test

Answer 10

tests meniscal damage, patient lying in prone, knee flexed to 90°, begin with compression then rotating tibia medially and laterally, then distract (resting your knee on back of knee)
+ve= pain (compression pain= mensical, distraction pain= ligaments)
statistical accuracy- 58%

Question 11

ACL and PCL tests

Answer 11

ACL- lachman’s and anterior draw, PCL- posterior draw
ACL- sensitivity- 92%, specificity- 91%- better for chronic
lachmans- sensitivity- 85%, specificity- 94%

Question 12

clarkes test

Answer 12

test PF disorders, compression of patella against trochlea, then contractions of quads isometrically
+ve= pain recreation and feeling any grinding, clicking or alteration in symptoms
diagnostic ability- weak clinical value

Question 13

other PFJ tests

Answer 13

patella glide

Question 14

anterior draw test

Answer 14

supine position, foot held in 20° PF, use one arm to apply a anterior/posterior force to the tibia
+ve test= excessive movement
ATFL- sensitivity- 96%, speceficity- 84%

Question 15

talar tilt

Answer 15

supine, knee slightly flexed, foot in plantigrade, fix the tibia and use the other hand to adduct the calcaneus
+ve test= excessive movement of the calcaneum

Question 16

thompson test

Answer 16

patient in prone lying with the foot over the end of the plinth, patient must be relaxed, squeeze the calf, +ve test= absence of movement of the foot in PF
test achilles tendon