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Olivia MD anatomy > LL > Flashcards

LL Flashcards

1
Q

what comprises the quadriceps femoris?

A

composed of rectus femoris, 3 vastus muscles

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2
Q

what is the course and drainage of the small saphenous vein?

A

drains blood from the lateral dorsal venous arch and posterior leg into the popliteal vein posterior to the knee

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3
Q

what is the course of the great saphenous vein?

A

drains blood from the medial dorsal venous arch, leg and thigh into the femoral vein just inferior to the inguinal ligament

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4
Q

what attaches to the lesser trochanter of the femur?

A

iliopsoas tendon

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5
Q

tell me about the roles of the iliofemoral, ischiofemoral and pubofemoral ligaments

A

iliofemoral- limits hyperextension and lateral rotation

ishiofemoral- limits extension and medial rotation

pubofemoral- limits extension and abduction

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6
Q

which is stronger- iliofemoral or ischiofemoral?

A

iliofemoral ligament

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7
Q

what is the other name for the iliofemoral ligament? where is it located?

A

Y ligament of Bigelow

on the anterior surface of the hip- connecting the acetabulum to intertrochanteric line

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8
Q

what type of joint is the hip joint?

A

classic ball and socket synovial joint

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9
Q

what are the arterioes of the hip joints?

A

medial circumflex- from deep artery of thigh
lateral circumflex- from deep artery of thigh
gluteal branches- anastamoses with circumflex arteries
acetabular branch from obturator artery

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10
Q

what carries the acetabular artery to the femoral head?

A

ligament of head of femur

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11
Q

where does the deep artery of thigh arise from?

A

femoral artery

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12
Q

what is the classification of intracapsular femoral neck fractures?

A

garden classification

Type 1-4 where 4 is completely displaced fracture

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13
Q

which nerve innervates the muscles of the anterior thigh?

A

femoral

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14
Q

what comprises the sacral plexus

A

ventral primary rami of spinal nerves L4-S4

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15
Q

where does the superior and inferior gluteal arteries arise from?

A

the internal iliac artery

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16
Q

what neurovascular structures exit through the greater sciatic foramen?

A

sacral plexus
superior and inferior gluteal arteries
sciatic nerve

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17
Q

what are the muscles of the gluteal region?

A 
gluteus maximus
gluteus medius
gluteus minimus
tensor fasciae latae
piriformis
superior and inferior gemelli
obturator internus
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18
Q

what nerves innervate the gluteal muscles?

A

superior and inferior gluteal nerves

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19
Q

what is the mode of action for gluteus medius and minimus?

A

ABDUCTS and medially rotates thigh at hip

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20
Q

what is the role of the gluteus maximus muscle?

A

extends thigh at hip and lateral rotation

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21
Q

what part of the femur articulates with the tibia?

A

distal medial and lateral condyles

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22
Q

what kind of bone is the patella?

A

sesamoid bone

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23
Q

what is the vertical ridge running down the femur shaft?

A

linea aspera

24
Q

what are the main roles of anterior muscles in the thigh?

A

primary extensors of the hip
but
sartorius, rectus femoris and iliopsoas also flex the hip

25
Q

what type of muscle is contained in the medial compartment of the thigh?

A 
ADDUCTORS! 
adductor longus
adductor brevis
adductor magnus
gracilis
obturator extenrus
pectineus
26
Q

what muscles comprise the posterior compartment of the thigh muscles? tell me about their innervation and role and location. where do they arise from?

A

semitendinosus (superficial)
semimembranosus (deep)
biceps femoris (deep short head, superficial long head)

all innervated by sciatic nerve (mostly tibial division)
are largely FLEXORS of the leg at the knee and extensors of the thigh at the hip

all arise from the ischial tuberosity

27
Q

describe the femoral triangle

A

inguinal ligament
sartorius muscle= lateral boundary
adductor longus muscle- medial boundary

28
Q

what contains the femoral vessels, the femoral branch of the GF nerve and the lymphatics?

A

femoral sheath

29
Q

where does the obturator artery arise from?

where does the femoral artery arise from?

A

internal iliac artery

external iliac artery

30
Q

which hiatus does the femoral artery traverse?

A

adductor hiatus

31
Q

what consists of the pes anserinus on medial aspect of knee?

A

semitendinosus
gracilis
sartorius tendons

–> all attaching to medial tibial condyle

32
Q

which nerve innervates the posterior muscles of the leg (calf)
which artery supplies them?

A

the tibial nerve

posterior tibial artery

33
Q

what are the main roles of the posterior muscles of the leg?

A

plantarflexion

34
Q

name the muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg

A 
gastrocnemius
soleus
plantaris
popliteus
flexor hallucis longus
flexor digitorum longus
tibialis posterior
35
Q

tell me about the anterior compartment muscles in the lower leg.
Role
artery
nerve

A

primary extensors of the foot- dorsiflexion
innervated by deep fibular nerve from the common fibular nerve
supplied by the anterior tibial artery

36
Q

tell me about the LATERAL compartment muscles in the lower leg.
Role
artery
nerve

A

evert the foot
innervated by the superficial fibular nerve
supplied by the fibular artery which comes off the posterior tibial artery

37
Q

NAME THE MUSCLES IN THE ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT OF THE LOWER LEG

A

tibialis anterior
extensor hallucis longus
extensor digitorum longus
fibularis tertius

38
Q

where does fibularis tertius attach?

A

dorsum of base of fifth metatarsal

39
Q

where does the tibialis anterior muscle attach distally?

A

base of first metatarsal

40
Q

what are the two nerves that are in the lateral compartment of the leg?

A

fibularis longus and brevis

41
Q

what are the 7 tarsal bones of the foot?

A

talus and calcaneus
navicular
3 x cuneiforms
cuboid

42
Q

what are the components of the lateral collateral ligament of ankle?

A

anterior talofibular ligament
posterior talofibular ligament
calcaneofibular ligament

43
Q

what is the ligament running along the sole of the foot?

A

long plantar

44
Q

what are the components of the medial collateral ligament of the ankle?

A

posterior tibiotalar
tibiocalcaneal
tibionavicular
anterior tibiotalar

45
Q

tell me about the retinaculums in the ankle?

A

superior and inferior extensor retinaculum on anterior surface

flexor retinaculum on medial side of foot extending to medial malleolus

46
Q

where does the dorsalis pedis branch arise from?

A

anterior tibial artery

47
Q

how many layers of the intrinsic muscles of the foot are there

A

4

48
Q

what is the difference in function for plantar interossei and dorsal interossei in the foot?

A

plantar- adduct

dorsal- abduct

49
Q

how might we test the integrity of the femoral nerve?

A

patella tendon reflex L3,L4

50
Q

what are some branches of the femoral nerve?

A

anterior cutaneous branches

saphenous nerve

51
Q

where is the cutaneous innervation of the femoral nerve? anatomically?

A

on the medial -anterior aspect of the lower limb

52
Q

what is the cutaneous innervation of the obturator nerve?

A

medial thigh

53
Q

what nerve are we testing with the ankle jerk?

A

sciatic

54
Q

where does the lateral and medial plantar nerves arise from?

A

tibial nerve

55
Q

where does the medial and lateral sural nerves arise from?

A

medial- tibial branch of sciatic

lateral- common fibular nerve

56
Q

2 branches of the common fibular nerve?

A

deep and superficial fibular nerves

57
Q

which nerve supplies the sensory part of the 1st web space on the foot

A

deep fibular nerve

Olivia MD anatomy (11 decks)

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