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Olivia MD anatomy > head and neck > Flashcards

head and neck Flashcards

1
Q

name the bones of the skull

A 
parietal bone
sphenoid bone
nasal bone
frontal bone
maxilla
vomer
palatine bone
occipital bone
temporal bone
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2
Q

what is the jugular notch?

A

midline depression between the two sternal heads of the sternocleidomastoid muscle

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3
Q

name the sutures of the skull

A 
coronal suture (between frontal and parietal bones)
sagittal suture (along the middle)
lambdoid suture (between parietal bones and occipital)
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4
Q

what is the pterion

A

point at which frontal, sphenoid, temporal, and parietal bones meet.

Middle meningeal artery lies beneath this region

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5
Q

name the 3 meninges of the brain

A

dura mater
arachnoid mater
pia mater

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6
Q

what innervates the dura mater?

A

meningeal branches of trigeminal nerve and CN X

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7
Q

Does the arachnoid or pia mater receive any sensory innervation?

A

NO

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8
Q

what are the 4 dural folds in the brain

A

falx cerebri
falx cerebelli
Tentorium cerebelli
diaphagma sellae

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9
Q

what forms the straight sinus?

A

inferior sagittal sinus

great cerebral vein

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10
Q

tell me about the sigmoid sinus

A

S shaped continuation of the transverse sinus passing inferiormedially into the jugular foramen–> becomes the internal jugular vein

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11
Q

where is the limbic part of the brain located?

A

on top of the corpus callosum

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12
Q

what are the ventricles of the ventricular system in the brain?

A

lateral ventricles x 2
3rd ventricle
4 ventricle

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13
Q

where is the primary motor cortex?

A

in the frontal lobe

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14
Q

where is the somatosensory association cortex?

A

in the parietal lobe

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15
Q

what are the 2 apertures in the ventricular system of the brain that leaD CSF into the subarachnoid space?

A

foramen of lushka

foramen of magendie

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16
Q

tell me the general function of the frontal lobe

A

motor control, expressive speech, personality, and drive

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17
Q

tell me the general fn of the parietal lobe

A

sensory input, receptive speech, integration

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18
Q

tell me the general fn of the occipital lobe

A

visual input and processing

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19
Q

tell me the role of the limbic lobe

A

emotions and autonomic function

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20
Q

where does the vertebral artery arise from?

A

arise from the subclavian arteries through the foramen magnum of the skull

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21
Q

tell me the course of the internal carotid artery

A

arise from the common carotid in the neck, enter carotid canal, traverse to the foramen lacerum to terminate as the middle and anterior cerebral arteries and anastamose with the circle of willis

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22
Q

What arteries arise from the vertebral arteries

A

posterior inferior cerebellar artery

basilar artery

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23
Q

what arteries c ome of the basilar artery

A

anterior inferior cerebellar
superior cerebellar
posterior cerebral

24
Q

where does the middle cerebral artery come off

A

internal carotid= supplies lateral aspect of cerebral hemispheres

25
Q

what are the layers of the scalp

A 
S- skin
C- connective tissue
A- aponeurosis
L- loose connective tissue
P- periosteum
26
Q

describe the course of the facial nerve

A 
emerges from the stylomastoid foramen and passes into the parotid gland, dividing into
Temporal
Zygomatic
buccal
mandibular
cervical branches
27
Q

where does the opthalmic artery arise from?

A

the internal carotid artery

28
Q

where does the facial artery and superior temporal artery arise from?

A

external carotid artery

29
Q

what are the bones that make up the bony orbit of the eye?

A 
frontal
maxillary
zygomatic
sphenoid
palatine
ethmoid
lacrimal
30
Q

what are the 3 fissures behind the orbit of the eye, and what goes through them?

A

superior orbital fissure= CN 3, 4, 6, V1 with opthalmic vein

inferior orbital fissure= CN V2 and infraorbital vessels

Optic canal= CN 2 and opthalmic artery

31
Q

what does the superior oblique muscle do

A

rotates eye laterally, depresses and abducts eye

32
Q

what does the superior rectus do

A

elevates adducts rotates eye medially

33
Q

what does the inferior oblique do

A

rotates laterally, abducts, elevates eye

34
Q

tell me about the course of sympathetic innervation of the eye

A

Arises from upper thoracic intermediolateral cell column T1-T2

sends preganglionic fibres to superior cervical ganglion

postganglionic fibres go to the long and short ciliary nerves to eye

innervate dilator pupillae and the superior tarsal muscle of upper eyelid

35
Q

what is the optic disc?

A

non receptive area (blind spot) where retinal ganglion cell nerve axons leave the retina in the optic nerve and pass to the brain

36
Q

what is the TMJ? what type of joint is it?

A

temporomandibular joint articulating with the condylar process of the mandible and the squamous process of the temporal bone

modified hinge synovial joint

37
Q

what are the muscles of mastication?

A

temporalis
masseter
lateral pterygoid
medial pterygoid

38
Q

what are the ligaments that support the TMJ joint?

A

stylomandibular
sphenomandibular
temporomandibular

39
Q

tell me about the location and layers of the parotid gland

A

occupies the retromandibular space between the mandibular ramus and mastoid process

encased in parotid sheath

innervated by CN9

40
Q

what accompanies the middle meningeal artery through foramen spinosum?

A

meningeal nerve from V3

41
Q

what are the terminal branches off the external carotid artery?

A

maxillary and superficial temporal

42
Q

what are the 4 sinuses?

A

frontal
ethmoid
sphenoid
maxillary

43
Q

on which wall- medial or lateral wall of the nasal cavity might you find the concha?

A

lateral wall

44
Q

what are the muscles in the ear that dampan vibrations?

A

stapedius

tensor tympani

45
Q

name the extrinsic muscles of the tongue

which ones are controlled by the hypoglossal nerve and which are innervated by CN10?

A

genioglossus
hyoglossus
styloglossus
palatoglossus- CN 10

all other are innervated by CN11

46
Q

what nerve innervates sensation on tongue

A

chorda tympani
lingual
glossopharyngeal CN 9

47
Q

which nerve innervates the submandibular and the sublingual gland?

A

CN 7

48
Q

what are the muscles of the soft palate

A 
levator veli palatini
tensor veli palatini
palatoglossus
palatopharyngeus
musculus uvulae
49
Q

what are the boundaries of the posterior triangle of the neck

A

SCM
trapezius
middle third of clavicle

50
Q

what is the anterior triangle of the neck divided into?

A

submandibular triangle
carotid triangle
muscular triagnle
submental triangle

51
Q

branches of the subclavian artery

A

vertebral
internal thoracic
thyrocervical
costocervical

52
Q

branches of the external carotid artery

A 
superior thyroid
ascending pharyngeal
lingual
facial
occipital
posterior auricular
maxillary
superficial temporal
53
Q

at what vertebra level does the thyroid gland lie

A

C five to T1

54
Q

where are the parathyroid glands in relation to the thyroid gland

A

located on the POSTERIOR aspect of the thyroid gland

55
Q

what are the groups of tonsils that make up Waldeyer’s ring extending into the pharynx

A

tubul
pharyngeal
palatine
lingual

56
Q

where is the anatomical location of the larynx?

A

located at C3- C6, just superior to the trachea

Olivia MD anatomy (11 decks)

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