Living Things (Exam Review #142-222 select questions)

Question 1

What is the two part naming system made up of an organism’s genus and species?

Answer 1

Binomial Nomenclature

Question 2

List Linnaeus’s system of classification.

Answer 2

Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species

Question 3

What is the largest category of Linnaeus’s system?

Answer 3

Kingdom

Question 4

Which kingdom has chitin cell walls?

Answer 4

Fungi

Question 5

What are the 3 domains?

Answer 5

Eukarya, Bacteria, and Archaea

Question 6

Which 2 domains are made up completely of unicellular organisms?

Answer 6

Bacteria and Archaea

Question 7

Name 3 things used to describe and identify prokaryotes.

Answer 7

Shape
Movement
Heterotroph or Autotroph
Peptidoglycan or not

Question 8

What is the role of bacteria in the environment?

Answer 8

Decomposers and producers (of oxygen)(through photosynthesis)

Question 9

What are organisms that break down nutrients in dead matter into simpler substances?

Answer 9

Decomposers

Question 10

Name 3 ways humans use bacteria.

Answer 10

Medicine (Penicillin)
Food (yogurt)
Decompose things (oil spills)

Question 11

Distinguish between the lytic and lysogenic cycles.

Answer 11

Lytic - inserts DNA into cell - reproduce and break out (lyse cell)
Lysogenic - inserts DNA and lets cell reproduce - then goes into lytic cycle

Question 12

What is a bacteriophage?

Answer 12

A virus that infects bacteria

Question 13

What are three ways we can control the growth of bacteria?

Answer 13

Sterilization, disinfection, and food processing

Question 14

How do different pigments and types of chlorophyll affect algae?

Answer 14

They are different colors (because they absorb different colors of light)

Question 15

What do green algae and green plants have in common?

Answer 15

Chlorophyll and photosynthesis

Question 16

Give an example of a fungus-like protist.

Answer 16

Slime-mold

Question 17

Are fungus-like protists decomposers?

Answer 17

Yes

Question 18

How are fungi important in an ecosystem?

Answer 18

Decompose

Question 19

Distinguish between vertebrates and vertebrates.

Answer 19

Vertebrates have backbones, while invertebrates do not.

Question 20

Distinguish between radial and bilateral symmetry.

Answer 20

Bilateral symmetry is when there is symmetry about one plane. Radial symmetry is when there are many planes that can be placed through the center of an object to produce equal halves.

Question 21

Give an example of an animal from the phylum Porifera.

Answer 21

Sponge

Question 22

Give an example of an animal from the phylum Cnidaria.

Answer 22

Hydras
Jellyfish
Sea anemones
Corals

Question 23

Give an example of an animal from the phylum Platyhelminthes.

Answer 23

Flukes
Tapeworms
Planarian

Question 24

Give an example of an animal from the phylum Nematoda.

Answer 24

Roundworms
Threadworms
Eelworms

Question 25

Give an example of an animal from the phylum Annelida.

Answer 25

Earthworms | Leeches

Question 26

Give an example of an animal from the phylum Mollusca.

Answer 26

``` Snails Slugs Clams Mussels Scallops Octopi Squids Cuttlefish ```

Question 27

Give an example of an animal from the phylum Arthropoda.

Answer 27

``` Insects Centipedes Millipedes Crustaceans Arachnids ```

Question 28

Give an example of an animal from the phylum Echinodermata.

Answer 28

``` Sea stars Brittle stars Sea urchins Sea lilies Sea cucumbers ```

Question 29

Give an example of an animal from the phylum Chordata.

Answer 29

``` Birds Mammals Reptiles Fishes Amphibians ```

Question 30

What form of a cnidarian is sessile?

Answer 30

Polyp

Question 31

What form of a cnidarian can move?

Answer 31

Medusa

Question 32

What is the clitellum in earthworms used for?

Answer 32

Reproduction

Question 33

What is a soft-bodied animal with stinging tentacles around its mouth?

Answer 33

A cnidarian

Question 34

What is the muscular tube found near the mouth of the digestive cavity in flatworms called?

Answer 34

Pharynx

Question 35

What are the clusters of nerve cells in roundworms called?

Answer 35

Ganglia

Question 36

What is the tongue-like structure some mollusks use for feeding?

Answer 36

Radula

Question 37

What class does a mollusk with a two-part shell belong to?

Answer 37

Bivalvia

Question 38

What kind of worm has segmented bodies?

Answer 38

Annelids

Question 39

What are soft-bodied animals that usually have a shell?

Answer 39

Mollusks

Question 40

What are shell-less or one-shelled mollusks that have a ventral foot?

Answer 40

Gastropods

Question 41

Organisms with segmented bodies, tough exoskeletons, and jointed appendages are what?

Answer 41

Arthropods

Question 42

What are organisms characterized by spiny skin, an internal skeleton, a water vascular system, and suction-cup-like structures called tube feet?

Answer 42

Echinoderms

Question 43

Name 3 characteristics of fishes.

Answer 43

Breathe with gills Have scales for protection Have paired fins for swimming

Question 44

What is a swim bladder?

Answer 44

An organ fish have that allows them to go up or down in the water (adjust its buoyancy)

Question 45

Name 3 types of fishes.

Answer 45

Jawless fish Cartilaginous fish Bony fish

Question 46

Name three groups of amphibians.

Answer 46

Salamanders Frogs and toads Caecilians

Question 47

Name 3 adaptations that have benefitted reptiles.

Answer 47

Well-developed lungs Shelled terrestrial eggs Strong legs

Question 48

Reptiles have what kind of egg?

Answer 48

Amniotic

Question 49

Name 4 types of reptiles.

Answer 49

Lizards and snakes Crocodilians Turtles and tortoises Tuataras

Question 50

Name three groups of mammals.

Answer 50

Placental mammals Monotremes Marsupials