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Honors Biology 2nd Semester > Living Things (Exam Review #142-222 select questions) > Flashcards

Living Things (Exam Review #142-222 select questions) Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the two part naming system made up of an organism’s genus and species?

A

Binomial Nomenclature

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2
Q

List Linnaeus’s system of classification.

A 
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
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3
Q

What is the largest category of Linnaeus’s system?

A

Kingdom

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4
Q

Which kingdom has chitin cell walls?

A

Fungi

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5
Q

What are the 3 domains?

A

Eukarya, Bacteria, and Archaea

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6
Q

Which 2 domains are made up completely of unicellular organisms?

A

Bacteria and Archaea

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7
Q

Name 3 things used to describe and identify prokaryotes.

A

Shape
Movement
Heterotroph or Autotroph
Peptidoglycan or not

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8
Q

What is the role of bacteria in the environment?

A

Decomposers and producers (of oxygen)(through photosynthesis)

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9
Q

What are organisms that break down nutrients in dead matter into simpler substances?

A

Decomposers

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10
Q

Name 3 ways humans use bacteria.

A

Medicine (Penicillin)
Food (yogurt)
Decompose things (oil spills)

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11
Q

Distinguish between the lytic and lysogenic cycles.

A

Lytic - inserts DNA into cell - reproduce and break out (lyse cell)
Lysogenic - inserts DNA and lets cell reproduce - then goes into lytic cycle

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12
Q

What is a bacteriophage?

A

A virus that infects bacteria

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13
Q

What are three ways we can control the growth of bacteria?

A

Sterilization, disinfection, and food processing

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14
Q

How do different pigments and types of chlorophyll affect algae?

A

They are different colors (because they absorb different colors of light)

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15
Q

What do green algae and green plants have in common?

A

Chlorophyll and photosynthesis

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16
Q

Give an example of a fungus-like protist.

A

Slime-mold

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17
Q

Are fungus-like protists decomposers?

A

Yes

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18
Q

How are fungi important in an ecosystem?

A

Decompose

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19
Q

Distinguish between vertebrates and vertebrates.

A

Vertebrates have backbones, while invertebrates do not.

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20
Q

Distinguish between radial and bilateral symmetry.

A

Bilateral symmetry is when there is symmetry about one plane. Radial symmetry is when there are many planes that can be placed through the center of an object to produce equal halves.

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21
Q

Give an example of an animal from the phylum Porifera.

A

Sponge

22
Q

Give an example of an animal from the phylum Cnidaria.

A

Hydras
Jellyfish
Sea anemones
Corals

23
Q

Give an example of an animal from the phylum Platyhelminthes.

A

Flukes
Tapeworms
Planarian

24
Q

Give an example of an animal from the phylum Nematoda.

A

Roundworms
Threadworms
Eelworms

25
Q

Give an example of an animal from the phylum Annelida.

A

Earthworms

Leeches

26
Q

Give an example of an animal from the phylum Mollusca.

A 
Snails
Slugs
Clams
Mussels
Scallops
Octopi
Squids
Cuttlefish
27
Q

Give an example of an animal from the phylum Arthropoda.

A 
Insects
Centipedes
Millipedes
Crustaceans
Arachnids
28
Q

Give an example of an animal from the phylum Echinodermata.

A 
Sea stars
Brittle stars
Sea urchins
Sea lilies
Sea cucumbers
29
Q

Give an example of an animal from the phylum Chordata.

A 
Birds
Mammals
Reptiles
Fishes
Amphibians
30
Q

What form of a cnidarian is sessile?

A

Polyp

31
Q

What form of a cnidarian can move?

A

Medusa

32
Q

What is the clitellum in earthworms used for?

A

Reproduction

33
Q

What is a soft-bodied animal with stinging tentacles around its mouth?

A

A cnidarian

34
Q

What is the muscular tube found near the mouth of the digestive cavity in flatworms called?

A

Pharynx

35
Q

What are the clusters of nerve cells in roundworms called?

A

Ganglia

36
Q

What is the tongue-like structure some mollusks use for feeding?

A

Radula

37
Q

What class does a mollusk with a two-part shell belong to?

A

Bivalvia

38
Q

What kind of worm has segmented bodies?

A

Annelids

39
Q

What are soft-bodied animals that usually have a shell?

A

Mollusks

40
Q

What are shell-less or one-shelled mollusks that have a ventral foot?

A

Gastropods

41
Q

Organisms with segmented bodies, tough exoskeletons, and jointed appendages are what?

A

Arthropods

42
Q

What are organisms characterized by spiny skin, an internal skeleton, a water vascular system, and suction-cup-like structures called tube feet?

A

Echinoderms

43
Q

Name 3 characteristics of fishes.

A

Breathe with gills
Have scales for protection
Have paired fins for swimming

44
Q

What is a swim bladder?

A

An organ fish have that allows them to go up or down in the water (adjust its buoyancy)

45
Q

Name 3 types of fishes.

A

Jawless fish
Cartilaginous fish
Bony fish

46
Q

Name three groups of amphibians.

A

Salamanders
Frogs and toads
Caecilians

47
Q

Name 3 adaptations that have benefitted reptiles.

A

Well-developed lungs
Shelled terrestrial eggs
Strong legs

48
Q

Reptiles have what kind of egg?

A

Amniotic

49
Q

Name 4 types of reptiles.

A

Lizards and snakes
Crocodilians
Turtles and tortoises
Tuataras

50
Q

Name three groups of mammals.

A

Placental mammals
Monotremes
Marsupials

Honors Biology 2nd Semester (7 decks)

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