living process unicellular organisms Flashcards
What are unicellular organisms made up of?
Only one cell
Unicellular organisms are complete units of life, similar to multicellular organisms.
List the life processes carried out by unicellular organisms.
- Respiration
- Movement
- Nutrition
- Responding to stimulus
- Reproduction
- Growth
- Excretion
What are the simplest forms of unicellular organisms?
Protozoans
Examples include Amoeba sp. and Paramecium sp.
How does Amoeba sp. move?
By extending out its pseudopodium and flowing cytoplasm into it.
How does Paramecium sp. move?
Using rhythmic cilia beats.
What stimuli do Amoeba sp. and Paramecium sp. respond to?
- Chemicals
- Touch
- Bright light
How do unicellular organisms respire?
By exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide gases through the plasma membrane by simple diffusion.
What is phagocytosis in Amoeba sp.?
The process of trapping food particles by extending its pseudopodium.
How does Paramecium sp. transfer food particles?
With the help of cilium beats into the oral groove.
What happens to food particles in the food vacuole of Amoeba sp.?
They are hydrolysed by the enzyme lysozyme in the lysosomes.
How do Amoeba sp. and Paramecium sp. grow?
By synthesising new cytoplasm.
How is waste removed in Amoeba sp. and Paramecium sp.?
By diffusion of carbon dioxide and ammonia.
What is osmoregulation?
The process of water diffusion by osmosis into the contractile vacuole, leading to its contraction and water excretion.
What is the method of asexual reproduction in Amoeba sp.?
Binary fission through mitosis.
What happens when the environmental conditions are not suitable for Amoeba sp.?
It forms spores that will germinate when conditions improve.
What type of reproduction occurs in Paramecium sp. when conditions are unfavorable?
Sexual reproduction through conjugation.
What is the function of the contractile vacuole in Paramecium sp.?
To regulate water balance by excreting excess water.
Fill in the blank: Amoeba sp. reproduces via ______ when conditions are suitable.
asexual reproduction
True or False: Paramecium sp. can reproduce asexually through binary fission.
False
Paramecium sp. typically reproduces sexually through conjugation when conditions are unfavorable.
What will happen to the contractile vacuole if Paramecium sp. is placed in a concentrated salt solution?
It will shrink and potentially stop functioning.
