living process in multicellular organisms Flashcards
What is the structure of a muscle cell?
Multinuclear striated fibres
Muscle cells contract and relax to generate movement.
What is the primary function of a nerve cell?
Sending nerve impulses
Nerve cells are long and thin in shape.
What is the arrangement of sieve tube elements?
Long cylindrical tubes arranged from end to end
They transport organic materials from leaves to storage organs such as fruits.
What is a key feature of white blood cells?
Can change shape
Their function is to destroy pathogens.
What is the shape of a red blood cell?
Biconcave disc
Red blood cells do not contain a nucleus and function to optimize the transportation of oxygen.
What is the function of a sperm cell?
Swim towards the ovum
The head carries a set of chromosomes from the male.
What is the function of xylem vessels?
Transporting water from the roots to other parts of the plant
Xylem vessels are long, continuous networks.
What is the arrangement of palisade mesophyll cells?
Long cylindrical cells arranged vertically and close to each other
This arrangement allows maximum absorption of sunlight for photosynthesis.
What is a characteristic of spongy mesophyll cells?
Loosely arranged with lots of air space in between
The large air space allows gas exchange from the inside of the leaves to the palisade mesophyll cells.
What do guard cells control?
Opening and closing of the stoma
The stoma allows the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
What feature does a root hair cell have?
Long projection
This increases surface area for the absorption of water and mineral salts.
