Livestock Sector Flashcards
Q. What are some Datas related to livestock sector?
Ans : * 4.11% contribution in the country’s GDP.
* 25.6% share of agriculture GDP.
* 8.8% of the population in India draws employment from this sector.
* 1st in global milk production contributing around 24% of global share.
* 51% increase was registered in milk production in India during 2014-15 and 2021-22.
Q. What is the significance of the livestock sector ?
Ans : 1. Food and nutrition security.
2. Subsidiary income to the rural households and social security to the landless.
3. Employment generation in the labour-intensive sectors like textile, leather etc .
4. Gender equity and women empowerment in the primary sector : women represent close to 70% of the workforce in India’s dairy sector .
5. Organic/integrated farming provides organic manures for farming, biological weed control etc .
Q. What are some of the issues with India’s Livestock Sector ?
Ans : 1. Low productivity : avg annual milk yield is only about 50% of the global avg.
* Shortage of feed and fodder - 2.3% of the land area of the world to maintain nearly 10.7% of global livestock .
* Animal health - exotic diseases due to poor implementation of cross-breeding programs, inadequate coverage of vaccination .
* Knowledge gap - absence of adequate extension machinery like agri-credit, awareness etc .
2. Sub-optimal state support : received only 12% of public expenditure on agriculture and allied sector against 25.6% contribution of livestock in total agro-gdp.
3. Marketing, processing and value addition : absence of necessary infrastructure like dairy processing units, meat processing plants, carcass utilisation centres, etc.
4. Livestock and environment: Climate change and warming .
Q. What are some key govt initiatives for Livestock Sector ?
Ans : 1. National livestock mission : to promote entrepreneurship development and breed improvement in poultry, sheep, goat and piggery including feed and fodder development.
2. Rashtriya Gokul Mission : for the development and conservation of indigenous bovine breeds.
3. Livestock Health & Disease Control ( LH&DC) : to improve animal health through prophylactic vaccination, disease surveillance and strengthening of veterinary infrastructure.
4. Supporting Dairy Cooperatives and Farmer Producer Organisations (SDCFPO) : to provide working capital to state cooperatives and federations .
Q. What are some recommendations/way forwards for the livestock sector ?
Ans : 1. Improve animal health : by providing mobile veterinary dispensaries for vaccination, strengthening surveillance for diagnosis and forecasting, developing and inventory of traditional medicinal practices etc .
2. Re-orientation of breeding policy : selective breeding of indigenous cattle and formation of breed associations .
3. Develop forward linkages : through cold storage infrastructure, food processing industries, textile industries etc .
4. Quality control and food safety .
5. Institutional strengthening : Promotion of cooperatives, FPOs, SHGs etc .
