Livestocck systems 1

Question 1

What are extensive systems?

Answer 1

system were animal adapts to the environment. Consists of:
grasslands/rangelands
low head per unit of land
low off farm productive input
low technologies
breeds suitable to the environment
low productivity per head
more uncertain results because of environment
low labor forces

Question 2

What is In Intensive livestock?

Answer 2

The environment adapts to the animal. Consists of:
High use concentrated feed
High number of heads per unit area
high off farm productive input
high technology
specialized breeds
high productivity per head per unit area

Question 3

Intensive dairy mixed farming

Answer 3

Farmland: arable crop or artificial grassland
Farm size: up to some hundreds
Breeds: highly specialized
Housing: Indoor or outdoor, pens or padlock
Reproduction: artificial insemination, non-seasonal. Artificial weaning and short life of dairy cows and high replacement.
Feeding: High quality forage/pasture plus high amount of concentrate and group feeding plus automated concentrate supplementation
Technology: Milking parlor. individual sensor I and individual animal management

Question 4

Intensive beef mixed farming

Answer 4

Farmland: Arable crops
Farm size: up to 1000
Breeds: Specialized beef or crosses
Housing: Indoor or outdoor, pens and padlock
Reproduction: No reproduction, cattle is bought
Feeding: Based on concentrate, forage limited to minimum requirement to prevent digestive problems. Group feeding
Technology:basic for feeding

Question 5

Explain the meaning of LU

Answer 5

It is a standardized unit used to combine different types of livestock into a single measure by applying specific conservation factors.
The reference unit LU is the grazing equivalent to one adult dairy cow producing 3 tons of milk annually, without additional concentration.