Liver Structure and Function Flashcards
What are the two major and minor lobes on the liver?
Right & Left
Caudate & Quadrate
What lobe is situated beside the gallbladder?
Quadrate
Where do all vessels enter the liver?
The porta on the inferior surface
What two ducts lead into the common bile duct?
The common hepatic duct and the cystic duct (Coming from the gallbladder)
What is the opening called that the Sphincter of Oddi is situated at, to enter the duodenum?
Major duodenal papilla
What is important about the coronary ligament?
It joins the liver to the inferior surface of the diaphragm and the VC attaches to the liver by it
What covers the liver histologically?
Connective tissue capsule and visceral peritoenum except for the bare area
Where is the bare area found?
Diaphragmatic surface of the liver surrounded by the coronary ligament
What happens to connective tissue capsule at the porta?
It branches into a network of septa into the body of the liver
How are septa divided?
Into hexagonal lobess with the central vein at the middle and the portal triad being located at each corner of the lobules
What do the central veins drain into?
Hepatic veins
What makes up the portal triad?
Hepatic artery
Hepatic portal vein
Common bile duct
What radiates out from the central veins and what are they made of?
Hepatic cords
Hepatocytes
What is the name for the space between these hepatic cords?
Hepatic sinusoids
What lies between cells within each cord?
Bile canaliculus (Cleft-like lumen)
What are sinusoids and what do they allow?
Open blood channels - Discontinuous capillaries to allow bile to flow into the open channels
What carries oxygen depleted blood to the central veins?
Sinusoids
Where is excess carbohydrate stored in the liver?
Hepatocytes
What is excess protein converted to if there is too much of it?
Fat
How are Lead and Cadmium detoxified?
They are dumped into the bile so they will eventually be excreted
What is the alimentary role of the liver?
Production and secretion of bile
What are the 6 components of bile?
Bile acids Lecitihin Cholesterol Bile pigments - Bilirubin Toxic metals Bicarbonate *Bicarbonate is the only one secreted by duct cells; other 5 are by hepatocytes
What happens to bile pigments?
They are broken down from haemoglobin
Bilirubin is then secreted into bile
Bilirubin is modified by bacteria make it dark in colour - hence dark faeces
Reabsorbed Bilirubin is excreted in urine
How are secreted bile salts recycled?
Via enterohepatic circulation
