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GI week 2 > liver,gall bladder, pancreas and spleen! > Flashcards

liver,gall bladder, pancreas and spleen! Flashcards

1
Q

what is the ligament of treitz an extension of?

A

the diaphrgram, AKA the suspensory muscle

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2
Q

What does the ligament of treitz do?

A

suspends the 4th part of the duodenum from the right crus of the diaphragm

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3
Q

What part of the pancrease is NOT retroperitoneal

A

the tail-lies within the hilus of the spleen

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4
Q

the neck of the pancreas lies at what level

A

L1-L2

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5
Q

body and tail of the pancreas extend into what?

A

left hypochondrium.

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6
Q

what are some symptoms of pancreatic disease?

A

backache, recent onset diabetes

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7
Q

how is the pancreas both a exocrine and endocrine organ?

A

exocrin- secretes alkaline pancreatic juices wth enzymes into the duodenum. Endocrine- produces insulin, glucagon and somatostain

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8
Q

Cancer of the pancreas is usually in what area

A

the head, mostly adenocarcinomas of exocrine cells, neuroendorcrine tumors can occur in iselt cells

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9
Q

what are signs of pancreatic cancer?

A

Upper abdominal pain, jaundice and loss of appetite

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10
Q

What is the common terminus of the bile duct and pancreatic duct?

A

hepatopancreatic ampulla (ampulla of Vater)

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11
Q

hepatopancreatic ampulla (ampulla of Vater) enters where?

A

the second part of duodenum posteriorly

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12
Q

what controls bile secretion into the duodenum

A

Choledochal sphincter

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13
Q

what controls pancreatic secretions into the duodenum

A

Pancreatic sphincter

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14
Q

The combined opening into the duodenum is controlled by>

A

sphincter papillae (sphincter if Oddi) surrounds the ampulla of Vater

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15
Q

what artery is most at risk for a cholecystectomy.

A

right hepatic artery

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16
Q

If a gallstone is passing down the bile duct- where might it get stuck?

A

in the hepatopancreatic ampulla- where it opens to major duodenial papilla- bile backup! pancreatitis!

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17
Q

whats the purpose of the spiral folds of the cystic duct

A

valve to keep the duct open

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18
Q

How does bile pass into the gallbladder

A

by the choledochal sphincter if the bile duct is closed

19
Q

How does bile pass into the duodenum

A

gallbladder contracts and the choledochal spincter is open

20
Q

Other places gallstones may be found?

A

where cystic duct narrows- in the fundus, or lodged at the gall bladder neck or just proximal to the hepatopancreatic ampulla

21
Q

what is biliary colic and where is it felt

A

is an intense spasmodic pain felt in the epigastric region or the right upper quadrant.

22
Q

how do you remove the gallbladdeR?

A

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy

23
Q

what is the new imaging technique to visular the WHOLE biliary tree?

A

Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography (MRCP)

24
Q

ligamentum teres was what fetal structure?

A

umbilical vein

25
Q

ligamentum venosum was what fetal structure

A

ductus venosus

26
Q

Functionall, the caudate and quadrate are part of what lobe?

A

LEFT! but really part of the right anatomically

27
Q

Do the R and L hepatic arteries and ducts communicate?

A

Nope

28
Q

Where are most injuries to the liver?

A

the right lobe

29
Q

Blood passing through the liver is via what?

A

sinusoids instead of capillaries

30
Q

The hepatocytes of the liver do what?

A

extract nutrients, toxins and oxygen

31
Q

Where does the spleen lie?

A

LUQ against ribs 9-11, largest lympoid tissue in the body

32
Q

Functions of spleen>

A

antibodies from B cells, filter blood, blood resvourice, early live makes the blood

33
Q

most frequent injured organ in teh body?

A

spleen

34
Q

Is a splenetctomy compatble with life?

A

yes, functions assumed by other reticuloendothelial organs

35
Q

what is the bare area of the liver?

A

where there is no peritoneum bwtn the liver and the diapgragm

36
Q

what is the exit/entry of the blood vessels/bile duct called?

A

porta hepatis

37
Q

what is in the hepatic pedicle?

A

heptaci artery, portal vein, bile duct, enclosed in the free edge of hepatiduodenal ligament

38
Q

What can be done to the pedicle during sugery?

A

can be clamped to minize blood loss

39
Q

Hepatic artery is a branch of? what kind of blood does it deliver?

A

celiac trunk, delivers OXY blood to the liver, 20-30% total blood

40
Q

What is the portal vein formed from?

A

SMV, IMV, splenic vein

41
Q

what forms the common hepatic duct?

A

L and R hepatic ducts that join at the porta hepatis

42
Q

What makes up the common bile duct

A

common hepatic duct joins the cystic duct

43
Q

What joins the common bile duc at the hepatopancreatic amupulla?

A

pancreatic duct

44
Q

why is the liver special

A

only organ in the body that can regenerate itself

GI week 2 (8 decks)

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