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GI week 2 > Gi tract and vessels > Flashcards

Gi tract and vessels Flashcards

1
Q

the spleen gets its blood from?

A

celiac trunk-sneak

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2
Q

Where does the abdominal aorta begin?

A

At the aortic hiatus of the diaphragm-T12 and divides into common oliac arteries at L4

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3
Q

what level does the celiac trunk lie at?

A

T12

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4
Q

What level does the superior mesenteric lie at? Inferior?

A

L1, L3

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5
Q

What are the major branches of the celiac trunk?

A

left gastric, common hepatic, gastroduodenal artery

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6
Q

is the spleen derived from the foregut?

A

No but its celiac blood! INTRAPARTNEAL

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7
Q

What are the organs supplied by the celiac trunk?

A 
Stomach
Duodenum
Liver
Gall bladder
Pancreas
Spleen
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8
Q

What are the branches of the common hepatic artery?

A

gastroduodenal, hepatic artery, hepatic artery proper

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9
Q

The gastroduodenal artery supplies what

A

greater curvature of the stomach and the duodenum

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10
Q

The proper hepatic artery branches into what

A

R and L hepatic arteries which enter the liver at the porta hepatis

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11
Q

What are the branches of the gastroduodenal artery>

A

supraduodenal. superior pancreaticduodenal artery and right gastroomental

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12
Q

what is the blood supply to the pancreas?

A

SMA and celiac anastomosis

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13
Q

what are the branches of the splenic artery

A

L-gastromental, short gastric, pancreatic, splenic vein

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14
Q

what supplies the fundus of the stomach

A

short gastric arteries, from the splenic artery

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15
Q

What is the first part of the duodenum called?

A

deudenal bulb or ampulla

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16
Q

WHERE do most peptic ulcers occur?

A

80% in the duodenal bulb or CAP, 65% of ulcers in the duodenum are in the posterior wall.

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17
Q

What are peptic ulcers associated with?

A

H. pylor 90%

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18
Q

Whats a side effect of peptic ulcers?

A

perforation of the wall that will erode the pancreas or gastroduodenal artery causing massive hemorrhage

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19
Q

What are acquired hiatal hernias due to

A

weakening and eidening of the esophageal hiatus (T10)

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20
Q

What is the most common hiatal hernia? Whats it due to?

A

sliding, GERDthe gastroesphageal region slides superior into the thorax

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21
Q

What is the paresophageal hernia?

A

less common, pouch of peritoneam with the fundus extending into the hiatus anterior- NO GERD!

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22
Q

What are the major branches of the superior mesenteric?

A 
Jejunal & Ileal
Appendicular  
Ileocolic
R colic
Middle colic
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23
Q

What are the organs supplies by the SMA

A 
Pancreas 
Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum
Cecum, appendix
Ascending colon
Hepatic flexure
Proximal ⅓ of transverse colon
24
Q

What is the path taken by the SMA to get to the mesentery?

A

btwn the neck and unicate process of the pancrease

25
Q

What are the SMA branches to the small bowel?

A

inferior pancreaticoduodenal arteries, jejunal, ileal from the left side of the SMA

26
Q

Whats the difference bwtn the branches of the SMA on the jejunum vs ileum

A

jejunum has longer vasa recta and bigger windows in the mesentery, ileum has shorter vasa recta and sometimes concentric arches of arteries withinthe mesentery

27
Q

What are the branches of the right SMA

A 
Ileocolic
Appendicular
Right Colic
Middle Colic
-most go to large bowel
28
Q

what are some characteristics of the jejum?

A

prominant folds, mesentery next to it has no fat, long arteries

29
Q

Characteristics of the ileum?

A

short straight arteries with lots of loops, fat, peyers patches,

30
Q

what are the major branches of the IMA

A

L colic
Sigmoidal
Superior rectal

31
Q

What organs are supplied by the IMA

A

Distal ⅔ of transverse colon
Descending colon
Sigmoid colon
Rectum

32
Q

What are teniae coli of the colon

A

outer longitudinal muscle fibers, confied to 3 parallel bands- not a complete outer coat

33
Q

What parts of the colon are secondarilty retroperitoneal

A

acedning and decending

34
Q

what does the marginal artery represent?

A

anatomsis bwn SMA and IMA

35
Q

What are the watershed areas of the colon?

A

splenic flexture, rectosigmoid junction, right colon

36
Q

Appendicitis can result in?

A

necrosis and perforation, nacteria can evade the wall

37
Q

Intital pain from a appendicitis is felt where/ THen goes where?

A

umbilicus T10, then moves to McBurneys point, 1/3 distance from the ASIS to the umbilicus, , lower right quandrant, rebound tenderness

38
Q

How is a portal system defined>

A

arrangement of the vasculature whereby blood must pass through two sets of capillaries between the L ventricle and the R atrium.

39
Q

Do the veins in the hepatic portal system have valves?

A

nope

40
Q

Where deos venous drainage from the gut go first?

A

to the liver

41
Q

what are the tributaries of the portal vein posterior to the neck of the pancreas?

A

Superior mesenteric vein
Splenic vein
Inferior mesenteric vein

42
Q

Where is the hepatic portal vein found?

A

hepatoduodenal ligament (free edge of lesser omentum).

43
Q

Portal HTN is an obstruction of what?

A

the portal vein, causes reversed blood flow into the systemic veins but blood can still reach RA via collateral routes

44
Q

What makes up the esophageal varices?

A

the left gastric vein (portal) and azygos (systemetic) of veins in the gastroesophageal region

45
Q

what results in the configuration of caput medusae

A

superior, inferior, and superficial brancehs of the epigastric veins and paraumbiical veins

46
Q

What results in the rectal hemorrhoids or piles.

A

superior rectal vein (portal) middle and inferior rectal veins

47
Q

What are clinical manifestations of portal HTN?

A

ascites, GI bleed, spelnomegaly, caput medusae

48
Q

Where do the lymph nodes of the jejenum and ileum travel

A

within the folds of the mesentery toward the aorta and eventually to the cisterna chyli via the thoraic duct

49
Q

LN follow the arteries, what artery in the upper portion of the rectum, what about the middle and lower part of the rectm?

A

superior rectal artery, inferior reactal artery branches of the external iliac

50
Q

the cardiac orifice of the stomach is at what level?

A

T10, contains cardiac sphincter

51
Q

The funcdus of the stomach is at?

A

5th intercostal space

52
Q

what part of the duodenal is intraperitoneal?

A

the first part

53
Q

What does the suspensory ligament (ligament of tritz) do?

A

suspends the 4th part of the duodenum from the rigth crus of the diaphgram, this part is just begining to be intraperitoneal

54
Q

Where does the ielium end?

A

ileocecal juntion

55
Q

Where does the jejum begin?

A

duodenaljejunal flexure

56
Q

What state is the jejunum often in>

A

empty :(

GI week 2 (8 decks)

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