LIVER FUNCTION Flashcards
The liver is located on what quadrant?
Right Upper Quadrant
The liver is divided into two lobes vy the ___
Falciform ligament
T or F:
The right lobe is the largest lobe of the liver
True
T or F:
Portal vein provides 75% of deoxygenated blood to the liver
False; Oxygenated
Illustrate the bile flow
Hepatocytes ➡ Bile canaliculi ➡ Bile ductules ➡ Bile ducts ➡ Hepatic duct ➡ Cystic duct ➡Common bile duct ➡ Ampulla of vater
Portal triad consists of?
Bile duct
Portal vein
Hepatic artery
Drains blood from the portal vein and the hepatic artery to the central vein
Hepatic lobule
Supplies oxygenated blood to hepatocytes
Portal acinus
What zone is first affected by cirrhosis?
Zone 3 coz it is less oxygenated
Protein formation is included in what function of the liver
Synthetic
Bilirubin binds to ___ to be converted to _____
Albumin; UB
UB is also called
INDIRECT bilirubin
presents the UB to glucoronic acid
Ligandin
enzyme that helps conjugation
UDP - Glucuronyl transferase
80% of urobilinogen will form what
Stercobilin and Urobilin
What type of bilirubin is water insoluble
UB
Why is it called direct and indirect bilirubin
UB is called INDIRECT because it is measured by subtracting total bilirubin and CB; CB is called DIRECT because it is measured directly in the lab
Formation of glucose from non sugar compounds
Gluconeogenesis
Termed as the mother compound
Acetyl-CoA
T or F:
All proteins are synthesized in the liver
False; all except Ig and adult hemoglobin
coagulation factor that is not produced in the liver
Von Willebrand Factor
Enzyme that helps in the detoxification in the liver
Cytochrome P450
This disease is due to the presence of elevated bilirubin
Jaundice
Yellow staining of the meninges of the brain and may cause brain damage
Kernicterus
Main cause of Pre-hepatic jaundice
Too much bilirubin going to the liver
Fraction of bilirubin that is highest in Hepatic jaundice
Both UB and CB
Disease due to absent or deficient UGT
Gilbert disease
Defective removal of conjugated bilirubin from the liver cell
Dubin-Johnson syndrome
Main cause of this type of jaundice is biliary obstruction
Post-hepatic jaundice
Lab results:
Total bilirubin - Increase
CB - N
UB - increase
Prehepatic jaundice
Lab results:
Total bilirubin - increase
CB - increase
UB - increase
Pathologic jaundice
Post hepatic jaundice
T or F:
Metastatic liver cancer is much more common than primary liver cancer
True
A child who is suspected to have a viral infection was given aspirin and showed hyperammonemia in the lab results. It is most likely that the child has ___
Reye syndrome
Enzymes for alcohol metabolism
Alcohol dehydrogenase
Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase
This is the mildest category in the stages of alcohol related disorders
Alcoholic fatty liver
Hepatitis viruses with MOT of fecal-oral
Virus A and E
