LIVER FUNCTION

Question 1

The liver is located on what quadrant?

Answer 1

Right Upper Quadrant

Question 2

The liver is divided into two lobes vy the ___

Answer 2

Falciform ligament

Question 3

T or F:

The right lobe is the largest lobe of the liver

Answer 3

True

Question 4

T or F:

Portal vein provides 75% of deoxygenated blood to the liver

Answer 4

False; Oxygenated

Question 5

Illustrate the bile flow

Answer 5

Hepatocytes ➡ Bile canaliculi ➡ Bile ductules ➡ Bile ducts ➡ Hepatic duct ➡ Cystic duct ➡Common bile duct ➡ Ampulla of vater

Question 6

Portal triad consists of?

Answer 6

Bile duct
Portal vein
Hepatic artery

Question 7

Drains blood from the portal vein and the hepatic artery to the central vein

Answer 7

Hepatic lobule

Question 8

Supplies oxygenated blood to hepatocytes

Answer 8

Portal acinus

Question 9

What zone is first affected by cirrhosis?

Answer 9

Zone 3 coz it is less oxygenated

Question 10

Protein formation is included in what function of the liver

Answer 10

Synthetic

Question 11

Bilirubin binds to ___ to be converted to _____

Answer 11

Albumin; UB

Question 12

UB is also called

Answer 12

INDIRECT bilirubin

Question 13

presents the UB to glucoronic acid

Answer 13

Ligandin

Question 14

enzyme that helps conjugation

Answer 14

UDP - Glucuronyl transferase

Question 15

80% of urobilinogen will form what

Answer 15

Stercobilin and Urobilin

Question 16

What type of bilirubin is water insoluble

Answer 16

UB

Question 17

Why is it called direct and indirect bilirubin

Answer 17

UB is called INDIRECT because it is measured by subtracting total bilirubin and CB; CB is called DIRECT because it is measured directly in the lab

Question 18

Formation of glucose from non sugar compounds

Answer 18

Gluconeogenesis

Question 19

Termed as the mother compound

Answer 19

Acetyl-CoA

Question 20

T or F:

All proteins are synthesized in the liver

Answer 20

False; all except Ig and adult hemoglobin

Question 21

coagulation factor that is not produced in the liver

Answer 21

Von Willebrand Factor

Question 22

Enzyme that helps in the detoxification in the liver

Answer 22

Cytochrome P450

Question 23

This disease is due to the presence of elevated bilirubin

Answer 23

Jaundice

Question 24

Yellow staining of the meninges of the brain and may cause brain damage

Answer 24

Kernicterus

Question 25

Main cause of Pre-hepatic jaundice

Answer 25

Too much bilirubin going to the liver

Question 26

Fraction of bilirubin that is highest in Hepatic jaundice

Answer 26

Both UB and CB

Question 27

Disease due to absent or deficient UGT

Answer 27

Gilbert disease

Question 28

Defective removal of conjugated bilirubin from the liver cell

Answer 28

Dubin-Johnson syndrome

Question 29

Main cause of this type of jaundice is biliary obstruction

Answer 29

Post-hepatic jaundice

Question 30

Lab results:

Total bilirubin - Increase
CB - N
UB - increase

Answer 30

Prehepatic jaundice

Question 31

Lab results:

Total bilirubin - increase
CB - increase
UB - increase

Answer 31

Pathologic jaundice

Post hepatic jaundice

Question 32

T or F:

Metastatic liver cancer is much more common than primary liver cancer

Answer 32

True

Question 33

A child who is suspected to have a viral infection was given aspirin and showed hyperammonemia in the lab results. It is most likely that the child has ___

Answer 33

Reye syndrome

Question 34

Enzymes for alcohol metabolism

Answer 34

Alcohol dehydrogenase

Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase

Question 35

This is the mildest category in the stages of alcohol related disorders

Answer 35

Alcoholic fatty liver

Question 36

Hepatitis viruses with MOT of fecal-oral

Answer 36

Virus A and E