ENZYMOLOGY Flashcards
also called relative specificity
Bond specificity
Apoenzyme + Coenzyme
Holoenzyme
Chemical reactants which bind with enzymes
Substrate
Class of enzymes
Oxidoreductases Transferases Hydrolases Lyases Isomerases Ligases
Enzymes that catalyze the same chemical reaction but have slightly different structures
Isoenzyme
Examples of lyases
Glutamate decarboxylase
Pyruvate decarboxylase
Tryptophan decarboxylases
Aldolase
Factors that affect Km
pH
Temperature
Ionic strength
Nature of substrate
In the nomenclature of enzymes, the 4th digit signifies what
Serial number
In what temperature can enzyme denaturation occr
40-50C
Key part of enzyme structure
Active site
LDH is a type of
Isoenzyme; Oxidoreductase
Methods used to measure enzyme reactions
Fixed time or end point analysis
Continuous monitoring/ kinetic assay
Place for regulator binds
Allosteric site
Serve as second substrate for enzymatic reactions
Coenzyme
T or F: all enzymes contain allosteric site
F
T or F: enzymes are not high molecular weight compounds
F
T or F: reaction rate is directly proportional to the concentration of the substrate
T
The enzyme nomenclature is made by
Enzyme commission of International Union of Biochemistry
Theory in which the interaction of the enzyme and substrate causes a mild shift in the structure of the enzyme that confirms an ideal binding arrangement between the two
Induced Fit Theory
Types of Specificity
Absolute specificity
Group specificity
Bond specificity
Sterioisometric specificity
Most physiologic reactions occur in the pH __
7-8
Amount of enzyme that catalyzes 1 micromole of substrate/minute
International unit (IU)
Amount of enzyme w/c converts 1 mole of substrate per second
Katal
Catalyze the removal or addition of electrons
Oxidoreductases
Difference of competitive inhibitor and noncompetitive inhibitor
Competitive inhibitor competes for the active site, while the non competitive inhibitor binds to the allosteric site causing the change in shape of the enzyme
Factors affecting enzyme reactions
Substrate concentration Enzyme concentration pH Temperature Cofactors Inhibitors
Kinds of Inhibitors
Competitive
Noncompetitive
Uncompetitive
Substances which decrease the rate of enzyme reaction if they are present in the reaction system
Inhibitors
In what temperature is the analysis of enzymes carried out?
25C, 30C, 37C
T or F
Increasing the concentration of cofactor will decrease the rate of enzyme reaction
False
Nomenclature of Amylase
EC 3.2.1.1
Nomenclature of Alanine aminotransferase
EC 2.6.1.2
Catalyze the hydrolysis of a bond by the addition of water
Hydrolases
Catalyze intermollecular arrangement of the substrate
Isomerases
Catalyze the joining of two molecules
Ligases
