ENZYMES OF CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Flashcards
T or F:
Some tissues of the body contain higher concentrations of a certain enzyme than other tissues
True
Molecular weight of Amylase
50,000-55,000
Major tissue sources of amylase
Pancreas, salivary glands
Amylase increases after ___ hrs after an attack
5-8
Methods in amylase determination
Amyloclastic
Saccharogenic
Chromogenic
Continuous monitoring
what is the predominant P-type in acute pancreatitis
P3
T or F:
Chromogenic is the reference method expressed in somogyi units
False; Saccharogenic
In amylase isoenzymes, what migrates more quickly than the other
Salivary isoenzymes
T or F:
In amylase determination, only citrate and oxalate are the anticoagulants that can’t be used
False; also EDTA
What is the reference range of AMS in serum
28-100 U/L
T or F:
Lipase is a hydrolase enzyme
True
T or F:
Higher PSA = Higher chances of having prostate cancer
True
The most commonly used substrate for ACP assays
p-nitrophenyl-phosphate
How can hemolysis interrupt LPS analysis
Hemoglobin inhibits the activity of lipase causing falsely low values
Promotes the hydrolysis of orthophosphate esters
ACP
Catalyzes the hydrolysis of esters which contain choline
CHOLINEsterase
Forms of cholinesterase
Pseudocholinesterase True cholinesterase (acetylcholinesterase)
form of cholinesterase found in rbc
Acetylcholinesterase
How is cholinesterase significant in diagnosing possible pesticide exposure
acetylcholinesterase activity will be blocked in pesticide exposure w/c will lead to impairment of nerve transmission
what pathway provides RBC with NADPH
pentose phosphate pathway/ Hexose monophosphate shunt
most common enzyme deficiency in humans which is inherited as a x-linked recessive disorder
G6PD deficiency
T or F:
In AST, transfer of an amino group from aspartate to a- ketoglutarate will form glutamate and pyruvate
False; glutamate and oxaloacetate
what is the required activator for ALP
Mg
What are the carcinoplacental isoenzymes
Regan isoenzyme
Nagao isoenzyme
In ALP isoenzymes, the most heat stable is the ___
Placental isoenzyme
In heat stability, the sample is incubated at ____
56C
Methods in ALP which uses phenyl phosphate as substrate
King and Armstrong method
T or F:
ALP is 6 times more concentrated in serum than in RBC
False; RBC than serum
Reference range for ALP in males
53-128 U/L
How is GGT unique than other enzymes
GGT is found on the outside surface of the cell membrane
In Szasz assay, Absorbance on p-nitroaniline is measured at ____
405-420nm
what anticoagulant produces turbidity in GGT samples
Heparin
Associated with ATP regeneration in contractile or transport systems
CK
Macro-CK is composed largely of
CK-BB complexed with IgG/IgA
In AMI, CK is used in conjuction with ____
LDH isoenzyme and troponin
How can hemolysis affect CK analysis
RBC contain adenylate kinase which can react with ADP to create ATP causing falsely evelated ATP produciton
Catalyzes the interconversion of lactic and pyruvic acids with NAD as a coenzyme
LDH
LDH isoenzyme found in Heart and RBC
LDH-1 (HHHH)
LDH-2 (HHHM)
Highest levels of total LDH is seen in what disorder
Pernicious anemia
Hemolytic disorders
What are the liver enzymes
ALT
ALP
LDH
GGT
