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CC > ENZYMES OF CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE > Flashcards

ENZYMES OF CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Flashcards

1
Q

T or F:

Some tissues of the body contain higher concentrations of a certain enzyme than other tissues

A

True

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2
Q

Molecular weight of Amylase

A

50,000-55,000

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3
Q

Major tissue sources of amylase

A

Pancreas, salivary glands

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4
Q

Amylase increases after ___ hrs after an attack

A

5-8

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5
Q

Methods in amylase determination

A

Amyloclastic
Saccharogenic
Chromogenic
Continuous monitoring

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6
Q

what is the predominant P-type in acute pancreatitis

A

P3

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7
Q

T or F:

Chromogenic is the reference method expressed in somogyi units

A

False; Saccharogenic

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8
Q

In amylase isoenzymes, what migrates more quickly than the other

A

Salivary isoenzymes

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9
Q

T or F:

In amylase determination, only citrate and oxalate are the anticoagulants that can’t be used

A

False; also EDTA

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10
Q

What is the reference range of AMS in serum

A

28-100 U/L

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11
Q

T or F:

Lipase is a hydrolase enzyme

A

True

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12
Q

T or F:

Higher PSA = Higher chances of having prostate cancer

A

True

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13
Q

The most commonly used substrate for ACP assays

A

p-nitrophenyl-phosphate

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14
Q

How can hemolysis interrupt LPS analysis

A

Hemoglobin inhibits the activity of lipase causing falsely low values

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15
Q

Promotes the hydrolysis of orthophosphate esters

A

ACP

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16
Q

Catalyzes the hydrolysis of esters which contain choline

A

CHOLINEsterase

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17
Q

Forms of cholinesterase

A 
Pseudocholinesterase
True cholinesterase (acetylcholinesterase)
18
Q

form of cholinesterase found in rbc

A

Acetylcholinesterase

19
Q

How is cholinesterase significant in diagnosing possible pesticide exposure

A

acetylcholinesterase activity will be blocked in pesticide exposure w/c will lead to impairment of nerve transmission

20
Q

what pathway provides RBC with NADPH

A

pentose phosphate pathway/ Hexose monophosphate shunt

21
Q

most common enzyme deficiency in humans which is inherited as a x-linked recessive disorder

A

G6PD deficiency

22
Q

T or F:

In AST, transfer of an amino group from aspartate to a- ketoglutarate will form glutamate and pyruvate

A

False; glutamate and oxaloacetate

23
Q

what is the required activator for ALP

A

Mg

24
Q

What are the carcinoplacental isoenzymes

A

Regan isoenzyme

Nagao isoenzyme

25
Q

In ALP isoenzymes, the most heat stable is the ___

A

Placental isoenzyme

26
Q

In heat stability, the sample is incubated at ____

A

56C

27
Q

Methods in ALP which uses phenyl phosphate as substrate

A

King and Armstrong method

28
Q

T or F:

ALP is 6 times more concentrated in serum than in RBC

A

False; RBC than serum

29
Q

Reference range for ALP in males

A

53-128 U/L

30
Q

How is GGT unique than other enzymes

A

GGT is found on the outside surface of the cell membrane

31
Q

In Szasz assay, Absorbance on p-nitroaniline is measured at ____

A

405-420nm

32
Q

what anticoagulant produces turbidity in GGT samples

A

Heparin

33
Q

Associated with ATP regeneration in contractile or transport systems

A

CK

34
Q

Macro-CK is composed largely of

A

CK-BB complexed with IgG/IgA

35
Q

In AMI, CK is used in conjuction with ____

A

LDH isoenzyme and troponin

36
Q

How can hemolysis affect CK analysis

A

RBC contain adenylate kinase which can react with ADP to create ATP causing falsely evelated ATP produciton

37
Q

Catalyzes the interconversion of lactic and pyruvic acids with NAD as a coenzyme

A

LDH

38
Q

LDH isoenzyme found in Heart and RBC

A

LDH-1 (HHHH)

LDH-2 (HHHM)

39
Q

Highest levels of total LDH is seen in what disorder

A

Pernicious anemia

Hemolytic disorders

40
Q

What are the liver enzymes

A

ALT
ALP
LDH
GGT

CC (5 decks)

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