Liver Disease Flashcards
metabolic liver functions
- fat, carb, and protein metabolism
- vitamin absorption and iron storage
homeostatic liver functions
alter circulating blood volume
filtering liver functions
purifies blood of bacteria
clotting liver functions
produces clotting factors
drug and chemical liver functions
drug and chemical detoxification and metabolization
what do we look at when assessing liver function
- liver enzymes
- bilirubin
- clotting measures
- ammonia and proteins
enzymes are the
clear portion of the blood
you will see enzymes rise when an
organ is damaged
____ is specific to liver damage
ALT
_____ could be from cardiac more than liver
AST
_____ shows biliary tract obstruction
ALK phospahte
when the liver is not working well you will see ______ and increase in _______
proteins and increase in albumin
ALT
alanine aminotransferase
normal ALT
5-35 units / L
AST
aspartate aminotransferase
normal AST
0-35 units / L
ALK phosphate
alkaline phosphate
ALK phospate normal
20-90 units / L
LDH5 and its normal
lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme5 6-16%
ALP1
alkaline phosphate isoenzyme1 42-136
5’N
5’Nucleotidase less than 17 U/L
GGT
gamma glutamyl transferase
normal GGT
males 9-69 U/L
females 4-33 U/L
bilirubin
end product of hemoglobin degradation
fat soluble bilirubin is also known as
unconjugated
unconjugated means
it has not gone to the liver yet to get conjugated and become water soluble
water soluble bilirubin is also known as
conjugated
conjugated means
it reaches the liver and combines glucoronic acid and becomes conjugated
jaundice is
problem with body breaking down rbc
total bilirubin normal
0.1 - 1.2 mg/dL
indirect (unconjugated) normal
0.1-1.0 mg/dL
direct (conjugated) normal
0.1-0.3 mg/dL
urobilinogen normal
negative in freshly voided urine
liver produces which clotting factors
prothrombin, vitamin K, and other clotting factors that help us clot
if any of the clotting factors are elevated it means
that clotting factors are not being produced
normal prothrombin time (PT)
11.0-12.5 seconds
INR
internationalized normalized ratio 0.81-1.2
partial thromboplastin time (PTT)
60-90 seconds