Liver Cancer

Question 1

Causes of liver cancers

Answer 1

Cirrhosis, hepatitis, alcohol, smoking, drugs, autoimmune disease

Question 2

Symptoms of liver cancer

Answer 2

Weight loss, abdo pain, hepatomegaly, lymphadenopathy

Question 3

Investigation of liver cancer

Answer 3

1. Ultrasound
2. CT scan
3. Liver biopsy

Question 4

Treatment of liver cancer

Answer 4

Resection, liver transplant

Question 5

Benign liver tumours

Answer 5

Hemangioma, focal nodular hyperplasia, hepatic adenoma, hyatide cysts, polycystic liver disease

Question 6

Malignant liver tumour

Answer 6

Hepatocellular carcinoma

Question 7

What is raised in hepatocellular carcinoma?

Answer 7

Alpha-feto protein (AFP)

Question 8

What does hemangioma look like on US?

Answer 8

Well demarcated echogenic spot

Question 9

Non-cirrhotic patient tumour

Answer 9

Hemangioma

Question 10

Who does focal nodular hyperplasia affect?

Answer 10

Young + middle aged women

Question 11

Focal nodular hyperplasia affects..

Answer 11

Bile ducts, sinusoids, Kuppfer cells

Question 12

Scar in focal nodular hyperplasia

Answer 12

Central scar

Question 13

What presents with central scar?

Answer 13

focal nodular hyperplasia

Question 14

What are hepatic adenomas associated with?

Answer 14

Glycogen storage disease + oral contraceptive pill

Question 15

Who are hyatid cysts associated wit?

Answer 15

Farmers - contracted from sheep parasites

Question 16

Why does polycystic liver disease arise?

Answer 16

Embryonic malformation of bile ducts