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Patho > Liver And Biliary Tract > Flashcards

Liver And Biliary Tract Flashcards

0
Q

5 patterns of liver injury

A 
Inflammation(w granuloma)
Degeneration (swelling and product accumulation)
Cell death (coagulative necrosis)
Regeneration
Fibrosis
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1
Q

Reside i. Subendothelial space of disse, becomes myofibroblassts in liver injury

A

Hepatics stellatec ells

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2
Q

A peculiar body odor related to. Ercaptan formation, sign of hepatic failure

A

Fetor hepaticus

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3
Q

3 characteristics of liver cirrhosis

A

Fibrosis
Nodules
Disruption

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4
Q

Source of extra collagen in cirrhosis

A

Hepatic stellate cell or ito cell

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5
Q

Hepatic vein outflow obstruction causing post hepatic portal hpn

A

Budd chiari syndrome

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6
Q

Uncfjugated bilirubin in the brain

A

Kernicterus

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7
Q

Hereditary UNCONJUGATED hyperbilirubinemias (UGT1A1 impairments)

A

Crigler najjar 1 total absence
Crigler najjar 2 lesse severe deficiency
Gilbert syndrome reduced activity, no clinical symptoms

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8
Q

Hereditary CONJUGATED hyperbilirubinemia

A

Dubin johnson syndrome - liver is brown

Rotor syndrome - liver is not pigmented

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9
Q

Intermittent attacks of cholestasis but wont progress

A

Benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis

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10
Q

Mutation in PFIC-1 (progressive familial intrahepatic choletasis)

A

Byler disease

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11
Q

PFIC with low GGTP

A

Pfic 3

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12
Q

Infectious hepatitis

A

Hepa a

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13
Q

Hepa with enveloped dsDNA

A

hepa b

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14
Q

Hepa with no carrier state

A

Hepa a

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15
Q

Hepa that can go chronic

A

Hepa b c d

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16
Q

Hepa that can go cancerous

A

Hepa b c

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17
Q

Hepa that cant occur without hepa b

A

Hepa d

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18
Q

Hepa with high rate of fulmimant hepatitis in pregnant women

A

Hepa e

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19
Q

Non pathogenic hepa

A

Hepa g

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20
Q

Hepatic insufficiency with hepatic encephalopathy within 2 to 3 weeks after symptom onset

A

Fulminant hepatitis

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21
Q

Common cause of hepatic ABSCESS

A

AMEBA and other parasitic infxns

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22
Q

Microvesicular fatty change

A

Tetracycline

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23
Q

Macrovesicular fatty change

A

Ethanol

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24
Q

Diffuse or massive necrosis

A

Halothane , amanito phalloides, etc

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25
Q

Hepatitis acute and chronic

A

Methyldopa

Isoniazid

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26
Q

Fibrosis cirrhosis

A

Ethanol

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27
Q

Granuloma formation

A

Sulfonamides

28
Q

Cholestasis with or without liver injury

A

Anabolic steroids

29
Q

Mallory body formation seen in

Eosinophilic aggreages of intermediate filaments

A

Alcoholic hepatitis

30
Q

Broad pale scar tissues in cirrhotic liver

A

Laennec? Cirrhosis

31
Q

Seen in children with non alcoholic fatty liver disease

A

Acanthosis nigricans

32
Q

Test ot highlight tissue accumulation of hemosiderin

A

Prussian blue

33
Q

Normal level of iron in liver

A

Less than 1000 microgram per gram dry weight

34
Q

Hfe gene mutations, c282y substitution

A

Primary hemochromatosis

35
Q

Iron from utensils

A

Bantu sidaosis

36
Q

Copper accumulation in eyes

A

Kayser fleischer rings

37
Q

Atp7b gene dfect

A

Wilson diseasse

38
Q

Most common genetic liver disease in infants

A

Alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency

39
Q

Periodic acid schiff positive (diastase resistant) cutoplasmic globules in hepatocytes

A

Alpha 1 anti trypsin

40
Q

Intrahepatic biliary disease common in MIDDLE AGED WOMEN, autoimmune in origin, with pdc-e2 antibodies

A

Primary biliary cirrhosis

41
Q

Common cause of SECONDARY biliary cirrhosis in children.. In adults?

A

Children - biliary atresia

Adults - stones

42
Q

Beading of barium colon
Segmental dilatation of bile ala crohns disease
Common in middle aged MEN

A

Primary sclerosinh cholangitis

43
Q

Bile duct hamartoma

A

Von meyenberg complexes

44
Q

Gene mutated in polycystic liver disease

A

Hepatocystin (substrate for protein kinase c)

45
Q

Segmental dilatation of larger ducts of intrahepatic biliary disease,

A

Caroli disease

46
Q

Caroli syndrome is?

A

Croli diseasewcith congenital hepatic fibrosis

47
Q

Almost complete absence of intrahepatic bile ducts, with jagged notch signaling pathway mutation

A

Alagille syndrome

48
Q

Systemic hypoperfusion leads to what pattern of necrosis

A

Centrilobular

49
Q

Where to see nut meg liver (centrilobular hemorrhagic necrosis)

A

Hypoperfusion with Chronic passive congestion

50
Q

Hepatic sinusoid dilatation with exposure to anabolic steroids.. Mottled and blotchy liver with blood filled lakes

A

Peliosis hepatitis

51
Q

Venous outflow obstruction , originally described in jamaican drinkers of bush tea.. Now in bone marrow transplant patients

A

Veno occlusive disease

52
Q

HELLP syndrome

A

Hemolysis
Elevsted liver enzymed
Low platelets
In PREECLAMPSIA

53
Q

Preeclampsia becomes eclampsia when?

A

With hyperreflexia and convulsions

54
Q

Aka hepatocyte microvesicular fstty transformation

A

Acute fatty liver of prregnancy

55
Q

Focal nodular hyperplasia vs nodular regenerative hyperplasia

A

Nodular regenerative hyperplasia HAS NO FIBROSIS

56
Q

Form of most liver malignancies

A

Hepatocellular carcinoma

57
Q

Beta catenin mutations cause this tumor of young childhood

A

Hepatoblastoma

58
Q

Caused by chlroide, arsenic or thorotrast

A

Angiosarcoma

59
Q

Folded gallbladder fundus

A

Phrygian cap

60
Q

Cholesterol vs pigment stones based on calcium content

A

Cholesterol RADIOLUSCENT

pigment RADIOPAQUE

61
Q

Mucosal outpouchings through the wall, seen in chronic cholecystitis

A

Rokita sky aschoff sinuses

62
Q

Mural dystrophic calcification in chronic cholecystitis

A

Porcelain gallbladder

63
Q

Fibrosed nodular gallbladder with marked histiocytic inflammation

A

Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis

64
Q

Stones within the biliary tree

A

Choledocholithiasis

65
Q

Bile duct bacterial infection

A

Ascending cholangitis

66
Q

Congenital dilatations of thr common bile duct, may coexist with caroli disease

A

Choledochal cysts

67
Q

Common form of gallbladder cancer

A

Adenocarcinoma,, can be infiltrating or exoohytic

68
Q

Tumors arising at the confluencd of ghe right and left hepatic bile duct

A

Klatskin tumors

Patho (6 decks)

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