Liver 1 Flashcards
What does the liver do in the body?
Glucose metabolism
Bile production
Clearance of xenobiotics
Cholesterol metabolism
Blood volume regulation
Lipid distribution
Protein metabolism
Vitamin A storage
What 4 livers are there during progression of liver damage?
Healty – fibrotic – cirrhotic – cancer
What does a Fibrotic liver have?
Accumulation of scar tissue
What does a cirrhotic liver have?
SEVERE damage with scar tissue
What are characteristics of the liver? (location, size, blood filter)
Located in the right side of body
Second largest organ 1.5kg
Liver filters blood; 1,8l/min in men, 1.5l/min in women
What are characteristics of the liver anatomy? (lobes, area, blood supply, liver cells)
Has a right and left lobe
Beneath liver is the gallbladder and the stomach
Dual blood supply
consists 80% out of hepatocytes
What is the dual blood supply in the liver?
Liver gets blood from heart and most of it from the gut (intestine)
What is de hepatic artery in Nederlands?
Leverslagader
Which vein gives what type of blood and what percentage?
70% Portal vein gives nutrient rich blood, oxygen deprived
30% Heart hepatic artery gives oxygen rich blood
How does blood leave the liver again?
Venous blood leaves via the hepatic vein
What is the liver organized of?
Lobules
What does a lobule consist of?
-6 portal regions
-1 central vein region
What is a liver cell called?
hepatocyte
What is in a portal region?
portal vein
branch of hepatic artery
bile ducts
How do you recognize a portal vein?
Portal vein has the bile duct and hepatic artery next to it
What happens to blood oxygen levels when blood goes from the portal region to the central vain?
Blood oxygen levels decrease
Wat is een acuut effect van liver toxicity?
Bijv. veel acetaminophen = cellen zwellen en barsten open, immuun cellen reageren op de schade aan hepatocyten
What is a Chronic effect?
Stellate cells become activated and repair the liver with scar tissue. Scar tissue no function liver failure.
- Loss of pores
What is ROS?
Reactive Oxygen Species
- Harmful reactive molecules that can cause cell death NECROSIS
What is Necrosis?
= uncontrolled cell death
- Cells swell, disrupt and release intracellular content
What do Antioxidants do?
- React with ROS prevent oxidation reactions prevent cell damage
- Bijv. Vitamin E, C
