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Minor P4 > Liver 1 > Flashcards

Liver 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What does the liver do in the body?

A

Glucose metabolism
Bile production
Clearance of xenobiotics
Cholesterol metabolism
Blood volume regulation
Lipid distribution
Protein metabolism
Vitamin A storage

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2
Q

What 4 livers are there during progression of liver damage?

A

Healty – fibrotic – cirrhotic – cancer

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3
Q

What does a Fibrotic liver have?

A

Accumulation of scar tissue

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4
Q

What does a cirrhotic liver have?

A

SEVERE damage with scar tissue

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5
Q

What are characteristics of the liver? (location, size, blood filter)

A

Located in the right side of body
Second largest organ 1.5kg
Liver filters blood; 1,8l/min in men, 1.5l/min in women

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6
Q

What are characteristics of the liver anatomy? (lobes, area, blood supply, liver cells)

A

Has a right and left lobe
Beneath liver is the gallbladder and the stomach
Dual blood supply
consists 80% out of hepatocytes

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7
Q

What is the dual blood supply in the liver?

A

Liver gets blood from heart and most of it from the gut (intestine)

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8
Q

What is de hepatic artery in Nederlands?

A

Leverslagader

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9
Q

Which vein gives what type of blood and what percentage?

A

70% Portal vein gives nutrient rich blood, oxygen deprived
30% Heart hepatic artery gives oxygen rich blood

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10
Q

How does blood leave the liver again?

A

Venous blood leaves via the hepatic vein

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11
Q

What is the liver organized of?

A

Lobules

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12
Q

What does a lobule consist of?

A

-6 portal regions
-1 central vein region

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13
Q

What is a liver cell called?

A

hepatocyte

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14
Q

What is in a portal region?

A

portal vein
branch of hepatic artery
bile ducts

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15
Q

How do you recognize a portal vein?

A

Portal vein has the bile duct and hepatic artery next to it

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16
Q

What happens to blood oxygen levels when blood goes from the portal region to the central vain?

A

Blood oxygen levels decrease

17
Q

Wat is een acuut effect van liver toxicity?

A

Bijv. veel acetaminophen = cellen zwellen en barsten open, immuun cellen reageren op de schade aan hepatocyten

18
Q

What is a Chronic effect?

A

Stellate cells become activated and repair the liver with scar tissue. Scar tissue  no function  liver failure.
- Loss of pores

19
Q

What is ROS?

A

Reactive Oxygen Species
- Harmful reactive molecules that can cause cell death  NECROSIS

20
Q

What is Necrosis?

A

= uncontrolled cell death
- Cells swell, disrupt and release intracellular content

21
Q

What do Antioxidants do?

A
  • React with ROS  prevent oxidation reactions  prevent cell damage
  • Bijv. Vitamin E, C

Minor P4 (15 decks)

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