List C (Memory/Forgetting) Flashcards
What is encoding?
Converting information from a raw stimulus, through our sensory registers, into mental representation.
What model links to encoding?
Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968) Multi-Store Model.
What is storage?
Information is held in STM and can be converted to LTM through maintenance rehearsal according to Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968).
What is retrieval?
Recalling information from either STM or LTM, retrieval can be enhanced by enriching encoding when it is being inputted.
What is procedural memory?
Procedural memory is the LTM of actions and skills that have been learned previously (cited in Grivas 2013).
What type of memory is procedural memory?
This is an implicit memory process where we perform an unconscious task without awareness of previous experiences.
What is declarative memory?
Declarative memory is the LTM of specific facts and events, most of which can be stated or ‘declared’ (cited in Grivas 2013).
What type of memory is declarative memory?
It is an explicit memory process where information can be consciously retrieved and stated.
What is episodic memory?
Episodic memories are personal experiences which can include detailed information of an event.
What is semantic memory?
Semantic memory refers to facts, general and world knowledge.
What is implicit memory?
Does not require conscious recollection of past events or information.
What is explicit memory?
Requires the individual to consciously recall information such as facts.
What is elaboration?
It is an encoding process to improve retrieval, by associating meaning to words, recall is enhanced.
