list 6

Question 1

thin shell on the outside of Earth

Answer 1

crust

Question 2

mostly-solid bulk of Earth’s interior. lies between Earth’s dense, super-heated core and its thin outer layer, the crust.

Answer 2

mantle

Question 3

the rigid outer part of the earth, consisting of the crust and upper mantle.

Answer 3

lithosphere

Question 4

the lower layer of the earth’s mantle, below the lithosphere, in which there is relatively low resistance to plastic flow and convection is thought to occur.

Answer 4

asthenosphere

Question 5

a longitudinal earthquake wave that travels through the interior of the earth and is usually the first conspicuous wave to be recorded by a seismograph.

Answer 5

p-wave

Question 6

a transverse earthquake wave that travels through the interior of the earth and is usually the second conspicuous wave to reach a seismograph.

Answer 6

s-wave

Question 7

an earthquake wave that travels around the earth’s surface and is usually the third conspicuous wave to reach a seismograph.

Answer 7

L-wave

Question 8

coming together

Answer 8

convergent

Question 9

going apart

Answer 9

divergent

Question 10

places where plates slide sideways past each other

Answer 10

transform boundary

Question 11

the state of being stretched tight.

Answer 11

tension

Question 12

earth movement resulting from the horizontal compression of rock layers by internal forces of the earth along plate boundaries.

Answer 12

folding

Question 13

refers to a set of stress directed toward the center of a rock mass.

Answer 13

compression

Question 14

planar fracture or discontinuity in a volume of rock across which there has been significant displacement as a result of rock-mass movements

Answer 14

fault

Question 15

geological process in which the oceanic lithosphere is recycled into the Earth’s mantle at convergent boundaries.

Answer 15

subduction

Question 16

a theory of earthquakes that envisages gradual deformation of the fault zone without fault slippage until friction is overcome, when the fault suddenly slips to produce the earthquake

Answer 16

elastic rebound

Question 17

study of earthquake activity

Answer 17

seismology

Question 18

point on the Earth’s surface directly above a hypocenter or focus, the point where an earthquake or an underground explosion originates.

Answer 18

epicenter

Question 19

place inside Earth’s crust where an earthquake originates.

Answer 19

focus

Question 20

before leaving volcano

Answer 20

magma

Question 21

after leaving volcano

Answer 21

lava

Question 22

opening on the Earth’s surface through which volcanic materials (lava, tephra, and gases) erupt.

Answer 22

vent

Question 23

a dense, destructive mass of very hot ash, lava fragments, and gases ejected explosively from a volcano and typically flowing downslope at great speed.

Answer 23

pyroclastic flow

Question 24

large depression formed when a volcano erupts and collapses.

Answer 24

caldera

Question 25

an elongated valley formed by the depression of a block of the earth’s crust between two faults or groups of faults of approximately parallel orientation.

Answer 25

rift valley