Lipids Quiz Study Guide Flashcards
What type of bonds do saturated have?
They have single bonds between all carbons
Saturated fats are usually solid at room temperature.
What is the structure of unsaturated fats?
Contains double bonds between carbon atoms
Unsaturated fats usually hold fewer hydrogen atoms and are typically liquid at room temperature.
What are the two types of triglycerides?
- Fats - solid at room temperature
- Oils - liquid at room temperature
Triglycerides are composed of three fatty acids and glycerol.
What are the main functions of triglycerides?
Major reservoirs of energy
Triglycerides store energy in the body.
What distinguishes waxes from other lipids?
Long fatty acid chains and very insoluble in water
Waxes are hydrophobic and provide protective waterproof layers on plants and animals.
Fill in the blank: Unsaturated fats typically hold fewer _______ atoms.
hydrogen
True or False: Saturated fats are usually liquid at room temperature.
False
What is the primary role of lipids in biological systems?
Energy storage and protective functions
Lipids include triglycerides, waxes, and other forms that serve various functions.
What are the four types of lipids mentioned?
- Triglycerides
- Waxes
- [Additional types not provided in the text]
The content primarily discusses triglycerides and waxes.
What are fatty acids?
Building blocks of lipids
Fatty acids are long hydrocarbon chains that are crucial for various biological functions.
What is the primary function of lipids?
Energy storage, cellular structure, signaling
Lipids play key roles in forming cell membranes and storing energy.
What is a carboxyl group?
A combination of a carbon atom bonded to a hydroxyl group and double-bonded to an oxygen atom
Carboxyl groups are characteristic of fatty acids and amino acids.
Lipids include which types of molecules?
Fatty acids, triglycerides, phospholipids, steroids
Each type of lipid has distinct functions in biological systems.
True or False: All fatty acids are the same.
False
There are different types of fatty acids, including saturated and unsaturated.
Fill in the blank: Fatty acids can be classified as _______.
[saturated or unsaturated]
Saturated fatty acids contain no double bonds, while unsaturated fatty acids contain one or more double bonds.
What role do amino acids play in the body?
Building blocks of proteins
Amino acids are essential for protein synthesis and various metabolic processes.
What do all lipids have in common regarding solubility?
All lipids are insoluble in water (hydrophobic)
This characteristic differentiates lipids from other biological macromolecules.
What are the monomers of lipids?
Fatty acids
Fatty acids are the building blocks of various lipids.
What is the structure of fatty acids composed of?
Hydrocarbon chain and a carboxyl group
The hydrocarbon chain is a long chain of carbon atoms, while the carboxyl group is a functional group that defines fatty acids.
Fill in the blank: Saturated fatty acids hold as much _______ as possible.
hydrogen
What does it mean for a fatty acid to be saturated?
It contains 100% of hydrogens
Saturated fatty acids do not contain double bonds between carbon atoms.
What is the chemical representation of a saturated fatty acid?
H - C - C - C - C - C - C
Each āCā represents a carbon atom, which is bonded to hydrogen atoms.
What is a phospholipid?
A molecule consisting of fatty acids and a phosphate group
Phospholipids are fundamental components of cell membranes.
What are the main components of phospholipids?
- Fatty acids
- Phosphate group
These components contribute to the structure and function of cell membranes.
