Lipids – main function

Question 1

Fatty acids

Answer 1

Fatty Acids: Structural backbone of most lipids.
Single hydrocarbon chain + carboxyl group.
Saturated (single bonds) or unsaturated (double bonds).

Question 2

Formation of Fats:

Answer 2

Formed by linking fatty acids to a glycerol backbone.
Dehydration reaction.
Ester linkages are formed.

Question 3

Saturated Fats

Answer 3

Saturated Fats: Single bonds between carbon atoms.
Mostly from animal sources.
Solid at room temperature.
Examples: Lard, butter, meat fat.

Question 4

What is the importance of phospholipids in the cell?

Answer 4

Phospholipids:
Essential for cell membranes.
Protect cells from viruses and bacteria.
Maintain cell structure.

Question 5

Unsaturated Fats:

Answer 5

Unsaturated Fats: Double bonds between carbon atoms.
Monounsaturated (one double bond) or polyunsaturated (many double bonds).
Mostly from plant sources.
Liquid at room temperature.
Examples: Canola oil, olive oil, vegetable oil, and fish oils.

Question 6

Lipids

Answer 6

Lipids store energy and form cell membranes.

Question 7

Fats

Answer 7

Fats: Energy storage in plants and animals.
Made of fatty acids attached to a glycerol chain.