Lipids

Question 1

Classification of lipids

Answer 1

1. Saponifiable ⇒ can be hydrolyzed in alkaline solution

2. Non-saponifiable ⇒ cannot be hydrolyzed in alkaline solution

Question 2

States of lipids

Answer 2

1. Saturated ⇒ solid, no double bonds
2. Unsaturated ⇒ more fluid, 1 or more double/triple bond
3. Polyunsaturated ⇒ fixed, random shape

Question 3

Sphingolipids

Answer 3

• first FA attached to e.g. phosphate or sugar group ⇒ can form amide bonds
• Spingosine
• Ceramide
• Phosphosphingolipids ⇒ ceramide + phosphate + alcohol
• Sphingomyelin ⇒ ceramide + phosphate + choline

Question 4

Synthesis of Cholesterol

Answer 4

1. Condensation
2. Conversion of mevalonate
3. Polymerisation
4. Cyclization of squalene

Question 5

Function of Cholesterol

Answer 5

• responisble for fluidity of cell membrane
• precursor of bile salts
• vitamin D3
• making rigid membrane more liquid