Lipids

Question 1

Drugs causing hyperlipidemia

Answer 1

Thiazides diuretics
Beta blockers
Steroids
Anti HIV

Question 2

Statins

Answer 2

Treat high cholesterol: fist line
HMG coA reductase inhibitor: prevent LDL production, also causes increase in LDL receptors in liver
Contraindications: pregnancy, nursing, decompensated liver disease
Side effects: myalgias, diabetes risk??

Question 3

Fibrates

Answer 3

Treat high triglycerides by increasing LPL activity
Contraindicated in renal failure, liver disease, gall bladder disease
Side effects: GI upset, rash, pruritis

Question 4

Niacin

Answer 4

Treats high cholesterol by decreasing synthesis and increasing excretion of LDL, increasing HDL
Contra: pregnancy, active peptic ulcer disease
Side effects: flushing, myalgias, hyperglycemia
not shown to have firm mortality benefits

Question 5

Ezetimibe

Answer 5

Treats high cholesterol by inhibiting GI cholesterol absorption
Can be added in to statins
Contra: pregnancy, liver dysfunction
Side effects: myalgias, diarrhea

Question 6

PCSK9 inhibitors

Answer 6

Treats high cholesterol by preventing LDL receptor degradation
Add on to statins
Contra: pregnancy, children
side effects: arthralgia

Question 7

Most important determinant of HDL?

Answer 7

Genes

Question 8

Boile acid sequestrants

Answer 8

Increase GI wasting of cholesterol
Side effects: GI upset
Interactions with warfarin, digoxin
May increase triglycerides