Lipids Flashcards
1
Q
lipids are composed of
A
- C,O,H
- long hydrocarbon chains
2
Q
what are the 4 lipid family groups?
A
- fats and oils
- phospholipids
- steroids
- waxes
3
Q
lipids are…
A
- big molecules made of smaller subunits and don’t form polymers
- not a repeating chain
4
Q
structure of fats and oils
A
- glycerol + fatty acid
- fatty acid has long hydrocarbon tail and carboxyl head
5
Q
whats a triglyceride?
A
- 3 fatty acids linked to glycerol
- ester linkage between OH and COOH
6
Q
how do 3 fatty acids link to the glycerol?
A
covalent bond
7
Q
long hydrocarbon chain:
polar or nonpolar?
hydrophilic or hydrophobic?
A
nonpolar
hydrophobic
8
Q
function of fats?
A
- store energy: C-C and C-H bonds, 2x more than carbs
- cushions organs
- insulates body
9
Q
what are saturated fats?
A
- all C are bonded to max number of H
- NO C double bonded to C, only single bonds
- long chain
- mostly animal fats, solid at room temp
10
Q
what are unsaturated fats?
A
- C double bonded to C in fatty acids
- plant and fish fats
- veggie oils and liquid at room temp
- kinks made by double bonds prevent molecules being packed tightly together
11
Q
monounsaturated?
A
one double bond
12
Q
polyunsaturated?
A
more than one double bond
13
Q
structure of phospholipids?
A
- glycerol + 2 fatty acids + PO4
- PO4 negatively charged
14
Q
phospholipids: hydrophobic or hydrophilic?
A
- fatty acid tails= hydrophobic
- PO4 head= hydrophilic
15
Q
phospholipids in water?
A
- hydrophilic heads are attracted to the water
- hydrophobic tails hide from the water
- can assemble into bubbles called micelle
- can form a bilayer
- create barrier in water
- make cell membranes
